托福ibt听力对话场景词汇

《托福ibt听力对话场景词汇》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

新托福IBT听力场景词汇入学：enrollment登记,注册openingceremonyn.开业典礼,仪式commencementceremony毕业典礼convocationn.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientationmeeting开学说明会staffn.全体职员freshman（大学）一年级学生sophomore（大学）二年级学生junior（大学）三年级学生senior（大学）四年级学生tuition,fee费用placementtest开学测试excellent出色的average平均的，一般的belowaverage低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓:university-president大学，校长chancellor名誉校长college学院school学院dean院长principal中学校长professor教授associateprofessor副教授assistantprofessor助理教授coordinator班主任，协调人counselor辅导员advisor指导老师instructor讲师tutor个人辅导supervisor管理人undergraduate本科graduate研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administrationbuilding行政大楼mainbuilding主楼wing/annex配楼31 teachingbuilding教学楼dormitoryn.宿舍auditoriumn.会堂,礼堂=lecturehallassemblyn.集合,集会hallcomputerlab计算实验室，机房dininghall食堂选课学科major主修minor副修science理科,arts文科,engineering工科Mathematics数学physics物理chemistry化学biology生物学geography地理学electronics电子学computerscience计算机科学astronomy天文学electronicsengineering电子工程学botany植物学psychology心理学zoology动物学architecture建筑学oceanography海洋学ecology生态学medicalscience医学archaeology考古学history历史学linguistics语言学pedagogies教育学，教学法anthropology人类学economics经济学statistics统计学accounting会计学philosophy哲学类型required、compulsorycourse必修课selective/optionalcourse选修课electivecourse选修课lecture讲座31 seminar高级研讨性课colloquiumn.报告课tutorial个人辅导课程workshop专题课程级别Introductory入门级elementary,fundamental初级Intermediate,secondary中级Advanced高级Prerequisite先修课程上课：Attendclass上课Missclass缺课Skipclass逃课Syllabus教学大纲Requiredtextbook要求的课本Attendance出勤Gradingsystem打分体系Classparticipation课堂参与 杂semester/term学期quarter小学期courseguideline课程纲要major主修minor副修exemption免修syllabus教学大纲Professor’ssignature教授的签字（用于注册课程）Coursecap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）,openings（可供注册的名额）Take选（课）,drop退（课）Lateregistration晚注册Deregistration注销教师称号professor教授lecturer=instructor讲师teachingassistant=TA助教researchassistant=RA助研counselor,adviser咨询者，顾问31 president大学校长teacher/faculty教师student'sadvisor学生顾问physicist物理学家mathematician数学家chemist化学家historian历史学家statistician统计学家 作业：assignment作业homework=coursework=schoolwork=studies作业labreport实验报告bookreport读书报告project作业presentation发言termpaper学期论文（researchpaper）thesis/essay/dissertation论文journal学术期刊socialinvestigation社会调查survey调查questionnairen.调查表,问卷observationn.观察interviewvt.n.采访collectdata收集数据broad(论文等)内容宽泛narrowdown(论文等)缩小范围source（写论文的）参考资料criticalthinking评判性思维lackyourownideas缺少自己的想法deadlinen.最终期限extension延期duedate/time期限outlinen.大纲,提纲(roadmap)bibliographyn书目,参考书目reference参考plagiarismn.抄袭revisev.修改rewritev.重写finaldraft完成稿31 speechn.演讲presentation演讲，陈述eyecontact目光接触intonation音调 考试：mid-termexam期中考finalexams=finals期末考cumulativefinal总结性考试take-homeexam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-bookexam开卷考试subjectivetest主观性测试objectivetest客观性测试popquiz抽查式测验bluebook答题本assessmentn估价appraisaln.评价,估价makeupfor补考,resit,retake重考grade（mark、score）分数 成绩：perfectgrade优异成绩lowgrade低分highmark高分passinggrade及格分failinggrade不及格分fullmarks满分straightA's全AbeallA'sandB's全是A和BBplusB加AminusA减passtheiexamwithflyingcolors以优异成绩通过考试graduatewithhonors以荣誉毕业diploma,degree,certificate文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法 图书馆：library图书馆31 librarian图书管理员publication出版物periodical期刊magazine杂志bookcatalogue图书目录classifiedcatalogue分类目录bibliography参考书目titleindex书目索引alphabeticindex按字母顺序排列的索引circulationdesk借书处reservedbooks馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）librarycard借书证overduefine过期罚金periodicalreadingroom期刊阅览室onlinejournal在线期刊videotape录像带backissue过期杂志currentissue近期杂志archive档案non-fiction非小说类文学作品science-fiction科幻小说copier复印机checkout办理（借、还）手续renew续借overdue过期interlibraryservice馆际服务部分名称informationdeskn.服务台delivery/circulationdesk借书台shelfn.书架photocopyroom复印室returnarea还书处studentslocker学生存储间referencesection参考书部科研过程HypothesisAlternativehypothesis择一假说Nullhypothesis无效假说,零假说CollectdataSurvey,questionnaire31 ExperimentInterfere,influenceObservationAnalyzedataInterpretdataAnalysisAnalyticalSubjectSampleTreatmentgroupNon-treatmentControlgroup 校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letterofreference/recommendationCompetitiveBenefitfuturecareerFieldresearchCollectdataforpapersWaiter,waitress，BabysitterWorkatthelibraryQualification资格,qualified合格的Resume,CVfinancialaid经济援助ScholarshipFellowshipTeachingassistantship助教奖学金Researchassistantship研究奖学金Grant助学金Loan贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based以优秀为基础Studentunion学生会Clubs俱乐部Membership成员资格Careerservice 住宿：宿舍：accommodationn.住处,膳宿31 residencehall宿舍suite套间studio工作室，独立套间village村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）loungen.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridorn.走廊,过道， 租房leasen.租借,租约landlord房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant房客pation.阳台，slidingdoorn.推拉门singleroom单人房twinroom双人房two-bedroomapartmenthousekey房锁匙床上用品:pillown.枕头bedlinenn.床上用品sheetn.被单mattressn.床垫blanketn.毯子toweln.手巾,毛巾quiltn.棉被 电器类　　electricappliance(instrument;equipment)电器　　heater,furnace加热器，炉子　　heatingunit暖气片　　airconditioner空调设备　　stove炉子　　microwaveoven微波炉　　washer/dryer洗衣机/烘干机（laundry洗衣店）　　utensil器皿；用具　　kitchenutensil炊具31 　　oven烤箱；烤炉　　range煤气灶　　dishwasher洗碟机　　washingmachine洗衣机　　(hot-water)heater热水器　　coffeepot咖啡壶　　refrigerator(freezer)冰箱　　vacuumcleaner吸尘器　　tapeplayer录音机　　CDplayerCD机　　Laundromat自动洗衣店　　maintenance维修，保养家具类　　furniture家具　　bookshelf书架　　bookcase书柜　　couch沙发　　chest柜子；橱；箱子　　dresser(bureau)梳妆台　　cabinet(电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜　　cupboard(closet)碗橱　　storagewall壁橱　　rug小地毯　　carpet地毯　　curtain窗帘　　bathtub浴缸　　fixture（房屋）固定装置　　furnishings室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belongings个人财产getinsuranceforpersonalpossessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/wasten.垃圾disposev.处理gasmeter煤气表insectn.昆虫burglarn.夜贼leaking/leakagen.泄漏lostkey丢钥匙breakin闯入31  讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Sliden.滑坡Landsliden.山体滑坡Mud泥土,soil土壤Earthn.土Sinkv.下沉Groundwater地下水Irrigationn.灌溉Freeze,froze,frozenv.冷冻Meltv.融化moltenGravityn.重心Aggravatev.加重Leanv.倾斜Slopen.斜坡Steepadj.陡峭Erodev.,erosionn.腐蚀Fossiln.化石Dinosaurn.恐龙Sediment,deposit沉淀物Marble大理石granite花岗岩Ore矿石Stalactite钟乳石Refinev.提炼Platinumv.铂金Seismology地震学Vibration,tremor,震动Wave波动Volcano,volcanic火山，火山的Volcaniceruption火山喷发Magnitude级数Collisionn.碰撞Activeadj.积极的Dormantadj.休眠的Extinctadj.熄灭的Magman.岩浆Lavan.岩浆Eruptv.喷发31 explodev.爆炸(explosion)boomn.爆炸Blastn.爆炸Avalanchen.雪崩地球科学Earth’sinterior地球的内部Seismicwaves地震波Compression压缩Shear（adeformationofanobjectinwhichparallelplanesremainparallelbutareshiftedinadirectionparalleltothemselves）Slowdown减慢速度Reflect反射Depth深度Density密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continentalplate大陆板块Tectonicplate(地球表面的)构造板块Continentaldrift大陆漂移Layer,strata层Stratify分层Crack裂缝Moltenlava融化的岩浆Climaticshift=Climaticchanges气候变化Consistentpattern统一的，始终一致的Solarenergy太阳能Radiate发射，放射Crudeapproximation大概的猜测Speculation猜测Coolingdown冷却Mechanism机制LengthofthedayPhysicalforce体力Imaginaryline虚拟线Artificialreservoir人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配，再分布31 Spin快速旋转Minerals矿物质Diverse多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazonstones天河石Firingvapor炙热的水蒸汽Wipeout根除，彻底消灭MtEverest珠穆朗玛峰Elevation海拔，海拔增高Precisemeasurement精确的测量GlobalPositioningSystem全球定位系统Longitude经度Latitude维度Alternativesourcesofenergy可替代资源Gashydrate气体水合物Trap困住Flame火焰Potential潜在的Model模式Geologicalfault地质断层Crack裂缝seismicgap地震活动空白地带postulate假设chunk大块cylinder圆柱cylindrical圆柱形的groundtiltmeasurement地倾斜观测evacuate撤出sedimentaryadj.沉淀性的accumulate积累 商业Insurance保险Note注意Contract合约Verbalagreement口头协议Repay偿还Interest利息31 Merchant商人Cautious谨慎的Paramount极为重要的Manufacture制造Label标签Contention所持观点Inform告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supplyanddemand供求Supplychain供应链Fluctuation浮动Recession衰退Depression萧条Marketingstrategies市场营销策略Survey调查Surplus剩余Shipment运输Distribution分布Retail零售Wholesale批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates,PlatoandAristotleTheme主题Logic逻辑Rhetoric修辞Fundamentalcauses基本原因Principlesoftheuniverse宇宙的原则Perceive看待，观察Perception观点Sense感觉Soul灵魂spiritElement组成成分Reasoning推理Ration理性,rational有理性的Contemplation沉思，思考Judgment判断31 Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明,justification合理的理由Explicit明确的Ethics道德规范Ethicaltheory伦理理论Moral有道德的Ultimatetruth终极真理Universal普遍的Searchfortruth追求真理Varyv.不相同Intrinsic内部的Extrinsic外部的Critic评论家Old-fashioned过时的Valuable有价值的Survive生存，存活Conservative保守的Liberal开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive认知的Weaken削弱Diminish（影响力）减小Medieval中世纪Renaissance文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism唯心论，理想主义Epistemologyn.认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomyconstellation　星座zodiac（星象学的星座）planet行星sun恒星Jupiter木星Pluto冥王星Saturn土星Mercury水星Mars火星31 Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres谷物星（thelargestasteroidandthefirstdiscovered）Whitedwarf白矮星BigDipper北斗七星Asteroidbelt小行星带MilkyWay银河系Galaxyn.星系orbitv.运行n.轨道rotatev.转Axisn.轴trackn.轨道outerspace外太空gravityn.重力equatorn.赤道tropical热带的brightnessn.亮度dimensionn.维度distancen.距离Eclipse(日月食)Wane,diminishv.逐渐变小Centripetal向心Centrifugal离心Nebula星云(animmensecloudofgas(mainlyhydrogen)anddustininterstellarspace）Nebulousadj.星云的Gas气体(rock,ice,hydrogen,oxygen)Particle微粒Polarlight极光Astronomical天文的Astrophysics天文物理学BigDipper北斗七星Blackhole黑洞Celestial天体的Celestialmap天体图Centrifugalforce离心力Chondrite球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise顺时针31 Cluster星团，一群星星Comet彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission排放物，发射Faint微弱的Feeble微弱的Gaseousbodies气态包Gravitationalforce吸引力Greenwichmeantime格林尼治时间Highresolution高清晰度Ignite引燃Illusiveobject幻影物体Image影响，形象Infinite无限的Infraredray红外射线Interferometer干扰仪Intergalactic星系间的Internationaldateline国际日期变更线Interplanetary星球间的Interstellar星际的Leapyear闰年Lightyear光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的，月亮的Massive巨大的Meteor流星Meteorshower流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten融化的Nakedeye裸眼Observatory天文台Photosphere光球层Planetarium天文馆Planetoid小行星Polestar北极星Pseudoscience伪科学Quasar类星体31 Radiation辐射Revolution旋转Rotation旋转Satellite卫星Skyatlas天体图Solarcorona日冕Spacedebris太空垃圾Spaceshuttle太空飞船Spacesuit太空服Spin快速旋转Starcluster星群，星团Stellar星星的Sunspot太阳黑子Timedifference时差Timezone时区 表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，音乐etc.）Genre艺术分类Performingart表演艺术moderndancepiece现代舞concert音乐会play剧opera歌剧film电影camera摄影camerashotanalytical分析的parallel平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer舞蹈指导Fine/visualarts视觉艺术Abstractart抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure曝光developfilm冲洗胶卷negativen.底片portrait(portrayv.)肖像,人像、stilllife静物sculpture雕塑31 statue人物雕像lifelike逼真的vividanthem　国歌Critic评论家Criticism批评，评论Reviewn.评论Masterpiece杰作Haveaestheticvalue有美学价值Aestheticappeal美学吸引力Feature特点Characteristics特点Distinctadj.与众不同的Unique独一无二的Style风格Technique技巧Galleryn.画馆Editionn.专辑Releasev.发行Debutn.首映Impressionist印象主义者Impressionism印象派Perspective透视法Angle角度Press/Publishinghouse出版社Acclaimv.盛赞mirage　海市蜃楼prolific　多产Preservev.保存Extinctadj.灭绝的，消失的 文学Literature文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography自传detectivestories侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist小说家collectionofshortstories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparativeliterature比较文学31 Diary日记Editorial社论，重要评论Fiction小说Aestheticism唯美Autobiography自传Descriptiveprose描述散文Fairytale童话Futurism未来派Legend传说Literarystudies文学研究Narrativeprose叙述性散文Podium讲台Prose散文Realism现实主义Schoolofliterature文学派别Leadingcharacter主要角色Literarycriticism文学评论Literarystudies文学学习Modernism现代主义Plot情节Poetry诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism超现实主义美术Artgallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscapepainting风景画Oilpainting油画Paste粘贴Crayon蜡笔，粉笔，颜料Pigmentation颜料Canvas帆布Wax蜡Spectrum光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式，模特31 mural　壁画Panorama全景Pasteldrawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architecturalstyle建筑风格Artdeco装饰艺术ArtmoderneGeometricpatterns几何图形Arch拱门Castle城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobbyn.大厅(entrancehall)Elevatorn.电梯Façaden.正面Stairs楼梯Interior内部的Exterior外部的Impressionisticstyle印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival复活Renaissance文艺复兴Medieval中世纪Byzantinearchitecture527(Sofia)-1520 音乐Accompaniment伴奏Audition试听，试表演Bandmusic乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classicalmusic古典音乐Concerto协奏曲Lullaby催眠曲Duet二重奏Harmony和弦，和谐31 Rockandroll摇滚Serenade小夜曲Solo独奏Sonata奏鸣曲Symphony交响乐Ballad歌谣Folkmusic民间音乐Prelude前奏Epilogue尾声Score乐谱Note音符Notation乐谱，记号法Chordsymbol和弦符号Lyrics歌词Tempo节奏Melody主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune旋律Conduct指挥Violin小提琴Viola中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['krʌmhɔ:n]n.变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp竖琴 考古anthropologist人类学家ecological生态的anthropologist生态人类学家archaeology考古学anthropology人类学morphology形态学Ancientcivilization古代文明origin起源originate起源于ancestor祖先hominid人（科）homogeneous同一种族（种类）的31 tribe部落clan氏族archeologist考古学家excavation挖掘excavate(unearth)挖掘Scoop铲子ruins遗迹，废墟remains遗迹，遗骸artifact手工艺品pottery陶器(potter)Porcelain瓷器fossil化石relic遗物，文物Rockpainting岩石画antique古物，古董antiquity古代，古老skull颅骨Cranial颅骨的StoneAge石器时代BronzeAge（青）铜器时代IronAge铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的Exhume挖掘PaleoanthropologyPrehistoric史前的Primitive原始的 动物微生物Aminoacid氨基酸Antibody抗体Bacterium细菌BioticalagencyCalcium钙Carbohydrate碳水化合物Carbondioxide二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome染色体31 Disinfection消毒Enzymes酶Fatigue疲惫Fermentation发酵Fungus菌类Gene基因Geneticengineering基因工程学Glucose葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria疟疾Microbe微生物Nucleus细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasiticanimal寄生动物Parasitedisease寄生虫病Parasitology寄生虫学Pathogen病菌，病原体Protozoa原生动物Sanitation卫生Schistosomiaisis血吸虫病Starch淀粉Sterilization消毒Toxin毒素Vaccine疫苗Virus病毒Yeast酵母 动物livingorganism生物bacterium(pl.bacteria)　细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent啮齿类动物primate灵长类动物ape猿chimpanzeen.黑猩猩gorilla大猩猩31 monkeyn.猴子mammal哺乳类动物dinosaurn.恐龙bat(ecolotion)蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoehare雪兔子raccoon浣熊polarbear北极熊snout(动物的)口鼻部;reptile爬行类动物snake,cobra眼镜蛇,rattlesnake响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail蜗牛amphibianadj.两栖动物crocodile鳄鱼frogn.青蛙tadpole蝌蚪toad蟾蜍pond池塘puddle水坑insectn.昆虫mosquito蚊子fly苍蝇cricket蟋蟀grasshopper蚱蜢honeybeemonarchbutterfly大花蝶largemigratoryAmericanbutterflyhavingdeeporangewingswithblackandwhitemarkings;thelarvaefeedonmilkweedegg卵larvae幼虫caterpillar毛虫pupa/chrysalis茧termiten.白蚁marineadj.海洋的beaver狸whale鲸shark鲨鱼dolphin海豚penguin企鹅predatorn.捕食者preyn.被捕食者aquaticadj.水生的31 shrimp虾lobster龙虾clam蚌crab螃蟹bird,hummingbirdartery动脉scale鳞片claw爪,paw爪子horn角hormone荷尔蒙intestine肠hive蜂巢pollenn.花粉pollinatev.授粉hibernate冬眠migratev.迁徙communicatev.交流camouflage保护色evolve进化evolutionn.进化endothermn.温血动物,恒温动物poikilothermn.冷血动物beak鸟嘴enzymes酵母secretion(n.)secrete(v.)分泌pancreas胰腺odor气味(还有aromafragrancescentsmell)gland腺体chromosome染色体植物botany植物学botanist植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl.fungi)菌类laurel月桂chestnuttree栗子树root根branch枝stem茎algae(pl.alga)海藻31 organism有机物birchtree(bark)桦树crops谷物corn玉米maize玉米chlorophyll叶绿素aminoacids氨基酸protein蛋白质nitrogen氮photosynthetic(adj.)photosynthesis(n.)光合作用lichen地衣,苔藓squash南瓜oneofagroupoflargevegetableswithsolidfleshandhardskins,suchaspumpkinsbean豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral花的petal花瓣bloom开花blossom花pollen花粉moss苔藓herbicide除草剂herb草本植物herbivorous食草的classification分类hierarchy级别hazardous有毒害的Meteorology气象meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家forecast(predict)预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层Convection对流Stratosphere同温层Barometer气压计current（气）流vapor蒸汽31 evaporate蒸发damp(wet;moist;humid)潮湿的humidity湿度moisture潮湿；水分saturate饱和absorb吸收dew露frost霜fog(mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水珠condense浓缩crystal水晶体downpour(torrentialrain)大雨tempest(storm)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snowslide)雪崩precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水Thunder雷Lightening闪电breeze微风Blast大风gale大风whirlwind旋风Cyclone旋风，飓风typhoon台风hurricane飓风Monsoon季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Duststorm沙尘暴tornado(twister,cyclone)龙卷风Tropicaldepression热带低气压Winddirection风向Windvelocity风速Windscale风力funnel漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus积雨云31 disaster(calamity,catastrophe)灾难devastation破坏submerge淹没overwhelmv.淹没drought干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepidadj.微温的环保environmentalprotection环境保护environmentally-friendly环保的preservev.保护，保存污染：pollute,pollution,pollutantcontaminantn.污染物contaminatev.污染ecosystem生态系统ecologyn.生态学antisepticadj.防腐的atmosphericpollution大气污染垃圾:rubbish,garbage,trash,waste,litter处理:disposeof,burn,bury(landfill),recycle,reduce,reuse,dump回收:glass,paper,water,milkcarton牛奶盒,tyre,aluminiumcans铝罐,plasticbags,rubbishbagsbiodegradablepackaging可降解包装,throwaway可丢弃的disposable可丢弃的discouragev.不鼓励燃料none-renewable不可再生的fossilfuels矿石燃料:naturalgas,coal,petroleum31 limited/finitenaturalresources有限的自然资源alternativeenergy替代能源,replace=substitutev.取代windpower,hydropower水电,solar(lunar)power太阳能,nuclearpower核能radioactivityn.辐射性useup,deplete,exhaustv.用光，耗尽conservev.节省，节约,污染:waterpollution,airpollution,soilpollution土壤污染,noisepollutionsoilerosion土壤侵蚀soilpollution土壤污染stainn.污染，污点，玷污stinkv.发出臭味tarn.焦油toxicchemical有毒的化学物品fumen.烟，气味lightpollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticiden.杀虫剂chemicalwaste化学废料congestv.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎,damagenaturalhabitat破坏自然栖息地,rarebreed稀有物种,endangeredspecies濒危物种,extinctadj.灭绝(dieout,disappear),animalrightsactivist动物权益保护者,naturalreserve(giantpanda大熊猫)自然保护区,protectwildlife保护野生动物,preservev.保护disastrous灾难性的,devastation破坏,havedisastrouseffecton…对。。。有灾难性的影响危害植物:vegetation植被,31 deforestation森林消失tropicalrainforest热带雨林landslide山体滑坡,mudslide泥石流危害环境:Landscape自然风景carbondioxide二氧化碳,acidrain酸雨(erode腐蚀)greenhouseeffect温室效应(worsening,deteriorate,deterioration恶化)globalwarming全球变暖unleadedpetrol无铅汽油其他：GreenBelt绿化带geneticallymodified转基因的organic有机的batteryfarming圈养free-rangefarming放养 农业Agricultural农业的Aquaculture农业Barn谷仓Cotton棉花Cultivate种植Cultivation培养,教养,耕作Eggplant茄子Fodder饲料Granary粮仓Greenhouse温室Hay甘草Horticulture园艺Conservatory温室Cowshed牛栏Fertile肥沃的Garlic大蒜Graze吃草，放牧Harvest收割Haystack干草堆Husbandry耕种Hydroponics水栽法Irrigate灌溉31 Manure肥料Pasture大草场Plantation种植Prolific多产的Seedbed苗床，苗圃Tractor拖拉机Indigenous本土的，土产的Livestock家畜Orchard果园Pigpen猪圈Poultry禽类Ranch农场Silt淤泥Weed野草Arableland耕地Hectare公顷Crop庄稼，农作物Chemicalfertilizer化学肥料Wheat小麦oat燕麦barley大麦Acre英亩Prospect前景Depopulation人口减少31