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1、TheDevelopmentandWitheringofAmericanDreamIntheGreatGatsbyI.IntroductionA.Fitzgerald'sWorksF.ScottFitzgeraldwasthemostrepresentativenovelistofthe1920's.Heacceptedacommissioninthearmyandwasnotdischargeduntil1919.Duringthistime,receivingwordofGinevraKing'sengagement,hemetandfellin
2、lovewithZeldaSayre.However,zelda,althoughwillingtobecomeengagedtoFitzgerald,didnotfinallyagreetomarryhimuntilhecoulddemonstratehisabilitytosupporther.HebecameanovelistforthesolepurposeofearringenoughmoneytomarryZelda.In1919,hepublishedhisfirstnovelThisSideofParadise,itwasanimme
3、diatesuccess,foritwasthefirstAmericannoveltoportraytheyoung,postwargeneration.In1925,hewrotehisbestnovelTheGreatGatsby.Inthefollowingyearstheylived,amongotherplaces,ontheFrenchRiviera,whichwouldprovidethebackgroundforTenderIstheNight．Zeldasufferedfromschizophrenia,aformofmental
4、disorderthatischaracterizedbyabreakdowninrationalthinking．Afterthefirstbreakdownin1930，shebecameprogressivelyillandwasinstitutionalizedfortreatmentofhermentalhealth．Fitzgeraldsankintoalcoholismandwasfurthertroubledbyfinancialandpsychologicalproblemscawedbyhiswife’sextravagancea
5、ndjealousyof25hiswritingTenderIstheNight(1934),completedaroundthistime,wasnotsopopularashehadexpected，whichworriedhimmuchanddeepenedhisfearofdisaster．HespenttherestofhislifewritingstoriesandscreenplaysthatwouldpayforZelda’streatment,bothinandoutofinstitution．Hissenseofdefeatand
6、failurewascompleteafterhecouldn'tsucceedevenasafilmscriptwriterinHollywood．TheCrack-up，aseriesofessays，whichwerewrittenin1936，isamovinganalysisofhisfailure.FitzgeraldtriedtomakeafameintheliteraryscenewithanovelTheLastTycoon，whichmanycriticsbelievewouldhavebeenhismasterpiece，but
7、hediedofaheartattackonDecember21,1940，whiletryingtocompleteit,withomrecapturingthetriumphandsuccessofhisyouth.B．SocialandHistoricalContextofTheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbywaspublishedin1925anddidnotreceivemanypositiveresponsesfromcriticsandreadersuntil1950s.TherevivalofinterestinF
8、itzgeraldisaculturalphenomenon,whichdeservesourattenti
