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1、I.ReadingComprehensionPassageOneIfleadership,basicallyspeaking,consistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’sessentialtools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolisbeyondtheirgrasp,availableonlytothecharismatic(有魅力的)andtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,though,experim
2、entalpsychologistshavelearnedwhichmethodsreliablyleadpeopletocompromise,dissent,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilartothemthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,enlistpe
3、erstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarelikethemaswellasthosewholikethem.Soit’sworththetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffergenuinepraise.Third,experimentsconfirmtheintuitivetruththatpeopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.It’ssoundpolicytodoafavorbeforeseeking
4、one.Fourth,individualsaremorelikelytokeeppromisestheymakevoluntarilyandexplicitly.Themessageformanagershereistogetcommitmentsinwriting.Fifth,studiesshowthatpeoplereallydohaverespectforexperts.Sobeforetheyattempttoexertinfluence,executivesshouldtakepainstoestablishtheirownexpertiseandnotassumethat
5、it’sself-evident.Finally,peoplewantmoreofacommoditywhenit’sscarce;itfollows,then,thatexclusiveinformationismorepersuasivethanwidelyavailabledata.1.Manyexecutivesthinkthat________.A)theydon’thavetoacquiretheskillsofpersuasionB)theyhavemasteredtheskillsofpersuasionC)itisimpossibleforthemtohandleper
6、suasionD)persuasionisofnouse2.Thepsychologists’researchshowsthat________.A)persuasionisbeyondaveragepeople’sgraspB)persuasioncanbelearnedC)peopletendtoignoretheimportanceofpersuasionD)peoplearebornwiththeabilitytopersuade3.Accordingtothepassage,peoplearelesswillingtoworktogetherwith________.A)tho
7、sewhoaredifferentfromthemB)theirrelativesandfriendsC)thosewholikethemD)theirclassmatesandteachers4.Theauthorwarnsthemanager________.A)tohaveanypromisemadebyotherswrittendownB)nottobreaktheirpromisesC)tomakepromisesexpl
