会计学-企业决策的基础-14版-ppt15

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1、GLOBALBUSINESSANDACCOUNTINGChapter15LearningObjectiveLO1Todefinefourmechanismscompaniesusetoglobalizetheirbusinessactivities.GlobalizationOccursasmanagersbecomeawareofandengageincross-bordertradeandoperations.Ahighlevelofglobalizationisamultinationalen

2、terprisethatbeginswithrawmaterialextractionandendswithfinalproductassemblyandsalesinmultipleforeignlocations.GlobalizationGlobalizationtypicallyprogressesthroughaseriesofstagesthatinclude:ExportingLicensingJointventuresWhollyownedsubsidiariesGlobalsourci

3、ng.LearningObjectiveLO2Toidentifyhowglobalenvironmentalforces—(a)politicalandlegalsystems,(b)economicsystems,(c)culture,and(d)technologyandinfrastructure—affectaccountingpractices.EnvironmentalForcesShapingGlobalizationGlobalizationPoliticalandlega

4、lsystemEconomicsystemCultureTechnologyandinfrastructureEnvironmentalForcesShapingGlobalizationPlannedEconomyGovernmentownsfactorsofproductionMarketEconomyPeopleownsfactorsofproductionEnvironmentalForcesShapingGlobalizationLearningObjectiveLO3Toexp

5、lainwhythereisdemandforharmonizationofglobalfinancialreportingstandards.HarmonizationofFinancialReportingStandardsTheInternationalAccountingStandardsBoard(IASB)hasasoneofitsstatedgoalstheharmonizationofaccountingstandards.Harmonizationisusedtodescribe

6、thestandardizationofaccountingmethodsandprinciplesusedindifferentcountriesthroughouttheworld.HarmonizationofFinancialReportingStandardsLearningObjectiveLO4Todemonstratehowtoconvertanamountofmoneyfromonecurrencytoanother.ForeignCurrenciesandExchangeRa

7、tesAnexchangerateistheamountitcoststopurchaseoneunitofcurrencywithanothercurrency.¥1,000,000×$0.00764=$7,640LearningObjectiveLO5Tocomputegainsorlossesonreceivablesorpayablesthatarestatedinaforeigncurrencywhenexchangeratesfluctuate.AccountingforTransa

8、ctionswithForeignCompaniesOnJanuary1,2007,aU.S.companypurchasesequipmentfromanItaliancompanyfor€100,000.Theamountispayableinfullonthatdate.OnJanuary1,2007,theexchangerateis$0.97perEuro.U.S.companypurchases€100,000fromfina