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1、写作课期末考试总结 概括Aparagraphisaunityofthoughtcomposedofsentences,smaller unitsofthought,thatrelatetoasingletopic. agoodparagraphiscomposedinsuchawaythatithas: 1)unity:eachsentencearelatestoamainideawithnothinginthe paragraphnotcoveredbythetopicsentence. 2)Coherence:thesenten
2、cearetiedeachotherandtothemain idea,theyflowsmoothly. 3)Completeness:itexploresthemainideaexplicitlyand concretely,withplentyofdetails,examples,andexplanations. 1Anexcellentwayofachievingunityisbymeansofthe topic.properlyused,thetopicsentenceforcesthewritertoand tosust
3、ainthepointheistryingtoestablish. Thetopicsentenceproperlyusedcanachieveunityinthe paragraph,whichindicatestheimportanceoftopicsentence. Thetopicsentenceisanemphaticallyplaced,explicitstatedment ofthecentralideainaparagraph. inshort,agoodtopicsentencehasalimitedsubject
4、 andasharpfocus,namely,agoodtopicsentenceisnottoo generalnortoonarrow.atopicsentencethatistoogeneral requiresmuchmorethanparagraphtodevelopit.atopicsentence thatistoonarrowleaveslittletobesaidintherestofthe paragraph. Coherenceisconnectionandconsistency. Justtopicsente
5、ncehelpreaderfollowourideas,othersinger alsohelpthemunderstandwhatwehavetosay.wecanestablish bettercoherencebyusingthefollowingdevices;pronoun reference,repetition,andtransitionalwordsandphrases. Completeness: Completenessinaparagraphmeansthatthetopicisadequately devel
6、opbydetails,explanation,definitions,evidences,andthe like,sothatthereaderisnotleftwithwhatonlyafuzzyidea ofwhatthewritermeans. 2developmentofthemainidea,then,islikeenlarginga photographtomakedetailsclearer.so,developmentinthe paragraphisasunityandcoherencebecauseskillfu
7、ldevelopment helpsustosticktooursubjectandfocusandtokeepupthe senseofoneness. Threebasicpatternsoflogicalreasoninginparagraph development:inductive归纳法(periodicparagraph掉尾段)deductive 演绎法,andinductive-deductive(majorsupport主承接minorsupport) Themostimportantsequencesofdeve
8、lopmentaregeneralto particular,particulartogeneral,climactic层递顺 序,chronol
