水动力学专业词汇

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1、FundamentalGlossaryinHydraulicsHydrostatics水静力学.Hydrodynamics水动力学Physicalpropertiesofwater水的物理性质Density密度specificgravity比重Kinematicviscosity运动粘性absoluteviscosity动力粘性Elasticmodulus弹性模S:surfacetension表而张力Temperature温度isotropic(Y)各向同性Anisotropic(Y)各向异性uniform(ity)均匀(性)Heterogeneous(ity)不均么J(性)Mainf

2、orce主要作用力Gravity重力inertiaforce惯性力pressure压力(强)drag阻力Massforce质量力surfaceforce表面力Constitutiverelationship本构义系Stress应力strain应变normal法向tangent切向Angulardeformation角变形deformation变形displacement位移shear剪力acceleration加速度Localacceleration当地加速度convectiveacceleration迂移加速度compressibility压缩性continuity连续性Scalar

3、纯量vector矢量tensor张量magnitude模(人小)direction方向Divergence散度curl旋度gradient梯度Source源sink汇frequency频率amplitude振幅phase相位resonance共振Massconservation质量守恒momentumConservation动量守恒energyconservation能量守十HInitialcondition初始条件boundarycondition边界条件Ordinaldifferentialequation常微分方程partialdifferentialequation偏微分方程C

4、onvection对流advection对流、T•流、推流、移流diffusion扩散dispersion弥散decay衰减degradation降解Flowpattern流态flowtype流型•Laminarflow层流turbulentflow紊流Supercriticalflow急流subcriticalflow缓流criticalflow临界流Rapidlyvariedflow急变流graduallyvariedflow询f变'流Uniformflow均匀流non-uniformflow1h均匀流Mainstreamflow主流wakeflow尾流Steadyflow恒定流u

5、nsteadyflow非恆定流One—dimensionalflow一维流two-dimensionalflow二维流three—dimensionalflow三维流Single一phaseflow单相流double-phaseflow两相流multi—phaseflow多相流ambient周M的环境environment整体的环境irrotationalflow无旋流rotationalflow行旋济［potentialflow势流Openchannelflow明渠流freesurfaceflow由表面流（明渠流）Pipeflow管流pressureflowJet射流plume卷流（

6、羽流）crossflow横流Stagnationpoint驻点separationpoint分离点Coherentstructure相干结构bursting猝发turbulentintensity紊动强度Boundarylayer边界层viscoussub-layer粘性底层displacementthickness排挤厚度mixinglength混掺长度Flowfield，currentfield流场flownet流网Submergeddischarge淹没出流unsubmergeddischarge非淹没出流Renoldsnumber雷诺数Froudenumber佛汝徳数Prand

7、tlnumber荇朗特数Courantnumber柯朗数Peclet彼克雷特数dimensionlessnumber无:W:纲数Streamline流线pathline迹线Vortexline满线vortexring涡环vortexstreet润街Flux通量circulation环量vorticity涡度Waterlevel,waterstage水位discharge,flow—rate,flow流:y•:time—averagedveloc