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1、PythonProgramming,3/e1PythonProgramming: AnIntroductionto ComputerScienceChapter1ComputersandProgramsObjectivesTounderstandtherespectiverolesofhardwareandsoftwareinacomputingsystem.Tolearnwhatcomputerscientistsstudyandthetechniquesthattheyuse.Tounderstandthebas
2、icdesignofamoderncomputer.2PythonProgramming,3/eObjectives(cont.)Tounderstandtheformandfunctionofcomputerprogramminglanguages.TobeginusingthePythonprogramminglanguage.Tolearnaboutchaoticmodelsandtheirimplicationsforcomputing.3PythonProgramming,3/eTheUniversalMa
3、chineAmoderncomputercanbedefinedas“amachinethatstoresandmanipulatesinformationunderthecontrolofachangeableprogram.”Twokeyelements:Computersaredevicesformanipulatinginformation.Computersoperateunderthecontrolofachangeableprogram.4PythonProgramming,3/eTheUniversa
4、lMachineWhatisacomputerprogram?Adetailed,step-by-stepsetofinstructionstellingacomputerwhattodo.Ifwechangetheprogram,thecomputerperformsadifferentsetofactionsoradifferenttask.Themachinestaysthesame,buttheprogramchanges!5PythonProgramming,3/eTheUniversalMachinePr
5、ogramsareexecuted,orcarriedout.Allcomputershavethesamepower,withsuitableprogramming,i.e.eachcomputercandothethingsanyothercomputercando.6PythonProgramming,3/eProgramPowerSoftware(programs)rulethehardware(thephysicalmachine).Theprocessofcreatingthissoftwareiscal
6、ledprogramming.Whylearntoprogram?FundamentalpartofcomputerscienceHavinganunderstandingofprogramminghelpsyouhaveanunderstandingofthestrengthsandlimitationsofcomputers.7PythonProgramming,3/eProgramPowerHelpsyoubecomeamoreintelligentuserofcomputersItcanbefun!Formo
7、fexpressionHelpsthedevelopmentofproblemsolvingskills,especiallyinanalyzingcomplexsystemsbyreducingthemtointeractionsbetweensimplersystems.Programmersareingreatdemand!8PythonProgramming,3/eWhatisComputerScience?Itisnotthestudyofcomputers! “Computersaretocomputer
8、sciencewhattelescopesaretoastronomy.”– E.DijkstraThequestionbecomes,“Whatprocessescanbedescribed?”Thisquestionisreally,“Whatcanbecomputed?”9PythonProgramming,3/eWhatisComput
