芝加哥论文格式

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1、ChicagoManualStyle芝加哥论文格式总体介绍论文格式的三大流行范式，关于英文学界论文的格式，目前被国际学术界广泛接受的主要有三种：芝加哥论文格式（ChicagoManualStyle，CMS）美国心理学会论文格式（AmericanPsychologicalAssociation，APA）现代语言学会论文格式（ModernLanguageAssociation，MLA）历史渊源CMS论文格式源于芝加哥大学出版社在1906年出版的ManualStyle，经过100多年的增补、修订、CMS确立了学术论文写作格式的权威地位。TheChicagoManualofStyle目前已

2、出至第十五版，书中的“格式指南”部分详细说明撰写论文时需要注意的细节，包括标点符号、人名和数字的写法、缩写、以及注释和书目的编制方法等，是撰写论文时，编写注释和参考书目之必要参考。Thissectionprovidesnoteformsforawiderangeofsources,frombooksandarticlestoelectronicmedia,basedonTheChicagoManualofStyle,15thedition,2003.Becausetypesofsourcesareproliferatingrapidly,youmayuseonethatisnotm

3、entionedhere.Inthiscase,youshouldlookattheclosestalternativeandconstructyourownentryaccordingtothebasicprinciplesofChicagoManualformat.FootnotesandEndnotes脚注和尾注Thecitationofasourceinthenote-bibliographysystemisindicatedinthetextwithasuperscript(raised)number,whichreferstoanoteprovidinginformat

4、ionaboutthesource.ThenotesWhentheyappearatthebottomofthepagefootnotesWhentheyarecollectedinasectionattheendofeachchapterorattheendoftheentirepaperendnotesDesignationofNotesintheTextAnoteisindicatedinthetextbyaraisedarabicnumeral.Thesuperscriptnumbershouldberaiseone-halfspace(notafullspace)abov

5、ethelineandshouldbeplaceddirectlyafterthematerial(withoutaspace)towhichthenoterefers.Thebestplacementofthenumberisattheendofasentence.Thenumberfollowsallpunctuationexceptthedash,anditshouldnotbeitalicized,circled,orfollowedbyaperiod.Thefollowingexamplesdemonstratecorrectandincorrectplacementof

6、superscriptnumbers.RobertHeilbronerexplainsthat“theprofitmotiveasweknowitisonlyasoldas‘modernman.1’”RobertHeilbronerexplainsthat“theprofitmotiveasweknowitisonlyasoldas‘modernman.’”1×√RobertHeilbroner1explainsthat“theprofitmotiveasweknowitisonlyasoldas‘modernman.’”×√“Theprofitmotiveasweknowitis

7、onlyasoldas‘modernman,’”accordingtoRobertHeilbroner.1“Theprofitmotiveasweknowitisonlyasoldas‘modernman.’”-1ancientcivilizationswouldhavefoundthisprinciplealien.×√“Theprofitmotiveasweknowitisonlyasoldas‘modernman’”1-ancientcivilizationsw