美国文学史-霍桑与红字

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TheScarletLetterbyNathanialHawthorneHisdismissalfreedhimtowriteTheScarletLetter《红字》,whichwaspublishedin1850andbroughthimgreatfameaswellaslargefortuneenoughtomakehimfinanciallycomfortable.Inthesameyear,hemovedtoLenoxforatemporaryresidencewhereheformedfriendshipwithhis"not-too-distantneighbor",HermanMelville,whowaswritingMobyDick《白鲸》andlaterdedicatedthisbooktoHawthorne.[6]TheScarletLetterlaunchedHawthorne'screationandsuccess(带动了创作和成功).Thefollowingyearssawhisseriesoffamousworkscomeoutoneontheheelsofanother:TheHouseoftheSevenGables《带有七个尖角阁的房子》,TheBlithedaleRomance《福谷传奇》andaWonder-Book《一本奇妙的书》andTheTanglewoodTales《丛林故事》.HislastcompletenovelTheMarbleFaun《玉石雕像》waspublishedin1860.BRIEFSUMMARYOFTHESCARLETLETTERHestePrynnehasshockedthePuritansofBostonbycommittingadultery.Twoyearsbeforetheopeningofthestory,shewassenttoAmericaalonebyherhusbandtoawaithiscoming.Asfarastheworldknows,Hester'shusband,Dr.Prynne(anelderlyscientist),hasdisappeared.AllofBostonisanxiousforHestertotellthenameofhersecretlover,thefatherofherchildnamedPearl.Hesterleavestheprisonandwalkstothemarketplacewhereshemountsthestepofascaffold（登上绞刑台的台阶）.Themagistrates（地方法官）havebeenmercifultoher--shehasnotbeencondemnedtodeathforhercrimeagainstsociety.However,sheistostandonthescaffoldforseveralhourssothatthetownspeoplemayseeher,thetiny,three-month-oldbaby,andtheclothscarletletter"A"whichshewearsonherbosom.GovernorBellingham,theReverendJohnWilson,andtheReverend(神圣的)ArthurDimmesdaletrytogetHestertonameherlover.Sherefuses,muchtothereliefofDimmesdale.WhileHesteristryingtoforgetthehorrorofthepresent(byrememberingthepast),sheseesafamiliarfigureontheedgeofthecrowd.This"stranger"isherhusbandDr.Prynne,whocautionsher(byplacingafingertohislips)againstrecognizinghimpublicly.Later,intheprison,Dr.Prynn(underthenewlyassumednameofRogerChillingworth)comestoseeHester,anddemandstoknowthenameofHester'slover.Sherefusestotellhim.:Hethenforceshertotakeanoaththatshewillnotadmittoanyonethatheisherhusband.SoonHesterleavestheprisonandtakesupresidenceinasmallcottagebytheseashore.Sheearnsherlivingbyfinesewingandembroidering,especiallyonelaborategarments缝制精致的袍子）forthemagistrates(judges)towearonspecialoccasions.Hester'schild,Pearl,growsintoabeautifulchild,butsheisachildwhowillnotbemanagedeasily.Sometimes,hermotherisupsetatthe"freakish,elfish"look（怪异，恶作剧的眼神）thatcomesintoPearl'seyes.HestergoestoGovernorBellingham'smansiontoseehim,forsheunderstandsthathe,amongothers,feelsthatPearlshouldbetakenfromher.WhiletheyarewaitingfortheGovernortoappear,Pearlishighlyamusedtoseehermother'sscarletletter"A"reflectedinthebrightlypolishedmetalsurfaceofthebreastplateofa suitofarmor(金属胸甲).GovernorBellinghamsoonappearsand,aidedbyReverendWilson,questionsPearlaboutherreligiouseducation.TheresponseissounsatifactorytotheGovernorthathefeelssurethatPearlshouldleavehermother.ThenHesterappealstoDimmesdalewhoisstandingnearby.HeconvincesGovernorBellinghamthatitwouldbebestforallifHesterandPearlweretoremaintogether.RogerChillingworth,suspiciousofArthurDimmesdale,becomeshismedicalattendantandconstantcompanion.Eventually,thetwomenliveinthesamehouse.Chillingworth,ingeneralterms,baits(诱使)Dimmesdale,discussingthevalueofconfessioninrelievingtheburdenofaguiltysoul.Dirnmesdaleanswershimingeneraltermsaboutconfession.Heexplainswhyhebelievessomepeopledarenotconless:theyareafraidthattheywilllosetheirgoodreputationsandwillthenhavenofurtheropportunitytoservemankind.Theypart,almostinaquarrel.Later,ChillingworthwalksintothechamberofthesleepingDimmesdaleandliftsawaytheupperpartofhisgarmenttorevealahorrifyingsightonDimmesdale'sbreast.Dimrnesdalepunisheshimselfbylongnightwatches,sometimeswhippingimself,atothertimesfasting(绝食)orprayingforlonghours.Onceinawhilehestudieshisfacereflectedinamirror.Onenighthefeelsthathecanstandthisnolonger.HegoesoutintothemarketplaceandmountsthestepsofthescaffoldwhereHesteroncestoodinpenance.被罚示众)Heshrieksaloud,butnoonehearshimbutBellinghamandhissister,MistressHibbinswhopeerouttheirwindowsandthenquicklygobacktobed.Soon,HesterandPearlwalkby,ontheirwayhomefromthebedsideofthedyingGovernorWinthrop.AtDimmesdale'srequest,thetwojoinhimonthescarfold,andthethreejoinhandsthere.Chillingworthsoonappearsand,afterameteorhaslightedupthelandscape(在一颗流星划过天空),leadsDimmesdalehome.HesterissurprisedattheweakstateofhealthinwhichshefindsDimmesdale.SheknowsthatChillingworthhasbeensubtlytorturinghim,sosheresolvestoseekouttheoldphysiciantoseeifshecanaidtheunhappyminister.ShetalkswithChillingworthandendsupsayingthatshe"mustrevealthesecret,"'thatis,explainthattheoldphysicianisherhusband.LearningthatDimmesdalehasjourneyedintotheforesttoseetheApostleEliot(圣徒)"amonghisIndianconverts(皈依者),"Hesterwaitsforthevisitingministerintheforest.Pearlplaysnearbyinthesunshine,whichalwaysdisappearswhenHesterapproaches.Dimmesdalearriveswithhishandoverhisheart--afamiliargestureofhis..HestertellsArthurDimmesdalethathis"friend"Chillingworthishisenenv.Heisdisturbedatthenews.ThenheandHeslermakeplanstoescapethecolonywithPearl.Hesterremovesherscarletletterandletsdownherlonghairfromunderatightcap.TheyinvitePearltojointhem,butthechildwillnotapproachuntilHesterreplacesthescarletletteronherbreast.Theplansfortheescapearecompleted.TheywillleaveonMonday,thedayafterArthurDimmesdaledeliverstheElectionSermon作选举日布道(agreathonortoanyBostonminister).Onthewayhomefromtheforest,.Dimmesdale(temporarilyrelievedfrompangsofconscience andremorse刚从良知与悔恨的痛苦中得到片刻解脱))meets,andistemptedtosayevilwordsto,thefollowingpeople:oneoftheelderlydeaconsofhischurch(年长的教民);theoldest"femalemember"ofhiscongregation;thenewestandyoungestfemininememberofhischurch;agroupoflittlePuritanchildren;amemberofthe"ship'screwfromtheSpanishMain(来自西班牙大陆的一艘轮船上的水手)";andMistressHibbins.Heresiststhetemptationtoshockorsurprisethem.Hearriveshome;eatsagoodmeal,andspendsallnightwritinghisElectionSermon.OnthedayoftheNewEnglandHolidaysetasidetocelebratetheannualelectionofthechiefmagistrate,thereisaprocessionmadeupofmusicians,ofsoldiers,oftheleadingmagistrates,andofthespeakerofthedaytheReverendArthurDimmesdale.Theministerseemsfullofenergy.HedoesnotknowthattheshipcaptainhasjustinformedHester|hatChillingworthvwillbeoneofthetravelingpartyonboardtheshipboundforBristol,England.HesterfaintlyhearsDimmesdale'ssermonasshestandsnearthescaffold.HethrillshisaudiencewithhisexpressiveElectionSermon.Whenthecrowdisinthemarket-place,itloudlycheershim.Astheprocessionformsagainandstartstoleavethemarket-place,Dimmesdaleisseentobeweaklytottering(步履蹒跚).Refusingallhelp,hestopswhenhispartoftheprocessionnearsthescaffold.HecallsHesterandPearltohim,andwithHester'shelpheclimbsthescaffoldsteps.(Chillingworthtriestostophim.)ThenArthurChimmesdaleconfessesthatheisPearl'sfather,afterwhichherevealsthe"redstigma"(unhealedwound不愈的伤痕))onhisbreast.Afterthis,hediesonthescaffold.Thestoryconcludeswithdifferingopinionsofwhatpeoplebelievedtheyheardandsawinthemarket-placeonthescaffold.Chillingworthloseshispurpose(ofvengeance)inlife,andhedieswithintheyear,leavingmuchpropertyinEnglandandAmericatoPearl.Soon,HesterandPearlleaveBostonanddisappear.Later,Hesterreturnsaloneandagaintakingupherbadgeofshamethescarletletter"A"-shelivesaloneinthesamesmallcottagebytheseashore.ItisthoughtthatPearlishappilymarriedinEurope.Afteralong,fulllifeofgivingadvicetowomenwhoaretroubledbyaffairsoftheheart,HesterdiesandisburiedbesideArthurDimmesdale.ChapterXXIIITHEREVELATIONOFTHESCARLETLETTERSUMMARYOFTHECHAPTERThischaptercontainsthefollowingdramatichappenings:1.DimmesdaleconcludeshisElectionSermonwhichischeeredbythetownspeopleinthemarket-place.2.Theprocessionstartstoleaveforthetown-hallwhereabanquetistoclosetheceremoniesoftheday.PeoplesuddenlynoticethatDimmesdalenolongerisfilledwithgreatenergy;heseemsweakandtottering.3,DimmesdalestopsoppositethescaffoldandcallsHesterandPearltohisside.Chillingworthtriestostophim,buthepaysnoattentiontotheoldphysician.Thentheyallmountthestepsofthescaffold,HesterhelpingArthur(whohasPearl'shandclaspedinhis),withChillingworthirresistiblydrawnalongbehind them.DimmesdaleinformstheamazedtownspeoplethatheisPearl'sfather.Hestunsthembytearingawaytheclericalclotharoundhisneckandrevealinghis"redstigma"(anunhealedwoundprobablyformedintheshapeoftheletter"A")Then,solemnlysayingfarewell,ArthurDimmesdaledies.Theeloquentvoice(滔滔不绝的布道),onwhichthesoulsofthelisteningaudiencehadbeenbornealoft,asontheswellingwavesofthesea.(使灵魂像海浪般升腾)atlengthcametoapause.Therewasamomentarysilence,profoundaswhatshouldfollowtheutteranceoforacles(接在神谕之后).Thenensuedamurmurandhalfhushedtumult(引起一阵低语和半抑制的喧哗);asiftheauditors,releasedfromthehighspellthathadtransportedthem(被崇高的法力改变到…)intotheregionofanother,smind,werereturningintothemselves(回归自己的本性),withalltheiraweandwonderstillheavyonthem(还感到敬畏和惊奇的压力).Inamomentmore,thecrowdbegantogushforthfrom(从…涌出)thedoorsofthechurch.Nowthattherewasanend,theyneededotherbreath,morefittosupportthegrossandearthlylife(更适合他们的粗俗和现世生活的气息)intowhichtheyrelapsed,thanthatatmospherewhichthepreacherhadconvertedintowordsofflame,andhadburdenedwiththerichfragranceofhisthought(充满了他的思想的芳香).Intheopenairtheirrapture(狂喜)brokeintospeech.Thestreetandthemarket-placeabsolutelybabbled,fromsidetoside,withapplausesof(赞美)theminister.Hishearerscouldnotrestuntiltheyhadtoldoneanotherofwhateachknewbetterthanhecouldtellorhear(把自己认为强过别人的见解…告诉给他人).Accordingtotheirunitedtestimony(众口同声的见证),neverhadmanspokeninsowise,sohigh,andsoholyaspirit,ashethatspakethisday;norhadinspirationeverbreathedthroughmortallips(凡人嘴里表达出的灵感)moreevidentlythanitdidthroughhis.Itsinfluencecouldbeseen,asitwere,descendinguponhim(灵感降临到他身上),andpossessinghim,andcontinuallyliftinghimoutofthewrittendiscoursethatlaybeforehim(使他超越了眼前的讲稿),andfillinghimwithideasthatmusthavebeenasmarvelloustohimselfastohisaudience(是他的听众和他自己都感到惊奇的观念).Hissubject,itappeared,hadbeentherelationbetweentheDeityandthecommunitiesofmankind(神与人类社会的关系),withaspecialreferencetotheNewEnglandwhichtheywerehereplantinginthewilderness(在荒野中培育的新英格兰).And,ashedrewtowardstheclose,aspiritasofprophecyhadcomeuponhim(一种类似先知者的精神降临到他身上),constraininghimtoitspurposeasmightilyastheo1dprophetsofIsrael(像圣经·旧约全书中的以色列先知们)wereconstrained;onlywiththisdifference,that,whereastheJewishseershaddenouncedjudgmentsandruinontheircountry(犹太人的预言者宣告审判与国家的毁灭),itwashismissiontoforetellahighandgloriousdestiny(崇高和光荣的前途)forthenewlygatheredpeopleoftheLord.But,throughoutitall,andthroughthewholediscourse,therehadbeenacertaindeep,sadundertoneofpathos（某种深沉,悲伤的弦外之音）,whichcouldnotbeinterpretedotherwisethan(只能被理解为)asthenaturalregret(自然悔悟)ofonesoontopassaway(不久于人世).Yes;theirministerwhomtheysoloved--andwhosolovedthemall,thathecouldnotdepartheavenwardwithoutsigh( 不能不留下一声叹息就奔赴天国)--hadtheforebodingofuntimelydeathuponhim(已预感到死亡临近),andwouldsoonleavethemintheirtears(在他们的哭泣中离去)!Thisideaofhistransitorystayonearth(他将不久于人世的观念)gavethelastemphasistotheeffectwhichthepreacherhadproduced(使他最后一次地增强了作为牧师所能产生的效果);itwasasifanangel,inhispassagetotheskies(在升天的过程中),hadshakenhisbrightwingsoverthepeople(抖动明亮的翅膀罩住人们)foraninstant,--atonceashadowandasplendor(这笼罩既是阴影又是光彩),--andhadsheddownashowerofgoldentruthsuponthem(向人们身上倾注了金子般的真理).Thus,therehadcometotheReverend(神圣的)Mr.Dimmesdale--astomostmen,intheirvariousspheres(在他们不同的天地里/状况下),thoughseldomrecognizeduntiltheyseeitfarbehindthem(不过他们要经历很多事才会意识到)--anepochoflifemorebrilliantandfulloftriumphthananypreviousone(生命中最为辉煌和充满胜利的光明时期),orthananywhichcouldhereafterbe(这样的时期以后也不会有了).Hestood,atthismoment,ontheveryproudesteminenceofsuperiority(在足以非常骄傲的卓越位置上),towhichthegiftsofintellect（天赋的智慧）,richlore（丰富的学识）,prevailingeloquence（雄辩的口才）,andareputationofwhitestsanctity（洁白无暇）,couldexaltaclergyman（使一位牧师达到高峰）inNewEngland'searliestdays,whentheprofessionalcharacterwasofitselfaloftypedestal（该职业本身就是一种很高的基石.Muchwasthepositionwhichtheministeroccupied（他所获得的地位即这种最高峰）,ashebowedhisheadforwardonthecushionsofthepulpit（在祭坛的靠垫上低垂着头）,atthecloseofhisElectionSermon(有关天定论的布道).Meanwhile,HesterPrynnewasstandingbesidethescaffoldofthepillory（受刑台的旁边）,withthescarletletterstillburningonherbreast!Nowwasheardagaintheclangorofthemusic（音乐的鸣响）,andthemeasuredtrampofthemilitaryescort(护卫队的整齐步伐声),issuingfrom（走出）thechurch-door.Theprocessionwastobemarshalledthencetothetown-hall从此地去市政厅）,whereasolemnbanquetwouldcompletetheceremoniesoftheday.0ncemore,therefore,thetrainofvenerableandmajesticfather（一长列庄严而令人敬畏的长老们）wasseenmovingthroughabroadpathwayofthepeople（在民众让开的宽阔的道路上）,whodrewbackreverently（敬畏地闪到一边）,oneitherside,astheGovernorandmagistrates（州长和知事）,theoldandwisemen,theholyministers,andallthatwereeminentandrenowned（有地位和名望的）,advancedintothemidstofthem（走入人群中间）.Whentheywerefairlyinthemarket-place,theirpresencewasgreetedbyashout.This--thoughdoubtlessitmightacquireadditionalforceandvolumefromthechildlikeloyalty（这喊声无疑又增加了声势，表明当年的人们幼稚的忠诚）whichtheageawardedtoitsrulers--wasfelttobeanirrepressibleoutburstoftheenthusiasmkindledintheauditors（是会众们抑制不住的热情的爆发）bythathighstrainofeloquence（由于那充满张力的雄辩的布道）whichwasyetreverberatingintheirears（在耳边回响）.Eachfelttheimpulseinhimself（每位会众都感到了这种激动）,and,inthesame breath,caughtitfromhisneighbor（也受到旁边人的感染）.Withinthechurch,ithadhardlybeenkeptdown(这种激动就几乎抑制不住了)..beneaththesky,（到了户外）itpealedupwardtothezenith（这激情编制冲云霄）.Therewerehumanbeingsenough,andenoughofhighlywroughtandsymphoniousfeeling（有足够1往上冲的交织的激动情感）,toproducethatmoreimpressivesound（产生出更令人难忘的声音）thantheorgan-tonesoftheblast（狂风的呼啸）,orthethunder（雷霆的霹雳）,ortheroarofthesea（海浪的怒吼）；eventhatmightyswellofmanyvoices（许多人声强力的轰响）,blendedintoonegreatvoice（交织成一种伟大的声浪）bytheuniversalimpulse（由于一种强烈的激动）whichmakeslikewiseonevastheartoutofthemany（使得许多人的心结成了一个巨大的心）.Never,fromthesoilofNewEngland,hadgoneupsuchashout!Never,onNewEnglandsoil,hadstoodthemansohonoredbyhismortalbrethren（受人间弟兄们的崇拜）asthepreacher!Howfareditwithhimthen（他又感觉如何呢）?Weretherenotthebrilliantparticlesofahalointheairabouthishead（在空中，在他的头部上方，不是有很多光辉的小光圈吗）?Soetherealizedbyspiritashewas（被圣灵感化得如此空灵）,andsoapotheosizedbyworshippingadmirers（被崇拜者奉为神祇）,didhisfootstepsintheprocession（走在长老队伍中的脚步）reallytreaduponthedustofearth（真是踏在尘世上面吗）?(Page225,thethirdparagraphfrombottom)Heturnedtowardsthescaffold,andstretchedforthhisarms（伸出双臂）."Hester,"saidhe,"comehither!Come,mylittlePearl!"Itwasaghastlylookwithwhichheregardedthem（他注视她们时，脸色非常可怕）;buttherewassomethingatonce（与此同时）tenderandstrangelytriumphant（温柔和奇异的胜利神情）init.Thechild,withthebird-likemotionwhichwasoneofhercharacteristics,flewtohim,andclaspedherarmsabouthisknees.HesterPrynne--slowly,asifimpelledbyinevitablefate,（像是被不可避免的命运驱使）andagainstherstrongestwill（违反了她的坚强意志）--likewisedrewnear,butpausedbeforeshereachedhim.AtthisinstantoldRogerChillingworththrusthimselfthroughthecrowd,--or,perhaps,sodark,disturbed,andevilwashislook,heroseupoutofsomenetherregion（从鬼蜮世界出来）,tosnatchbackhisvictimfromwhathesoughttodo（抓住他的牺牲者，阻止他做成想做的事）!Bethatasitmight（无论如何）,theoldmanrushedforwardandcaughttheministerbythearm."Madman,hold（把持住啊）!Whatisyourpurpose?"whisperedhe."Waveback（赶开）thatwoman!Castoffthis,child（抛开这一切，孩子）!Allshallbewell!Donotblackenyourfame（玷污你的声誉）,andperishindishonor（在耻辱中毁灭）!Icanyetsaveyou!Wouldyoubringinfamyonyoursacredprofession（给你神圣的事业带来污迹）?""Ha,tempter（诱惑者）!Methinksthouarttoolate!"answeredtheminister,encounteringhiseye,fearfully,butfirmly（与他的目光对视，仍有恐惧但很坚定）."Thypowerisnotwhatitwas!WithGod'shelp,Ishallescapethee now!"Heagainextendedhishandtothewomanofthescarletletter.(P.226,thelastparagraph)Thecrowdwasinatumult（骚动起来）.Themanofrankanddignity（有地位和身份的人）whostoodmoreimmeditely（离牧师比较近）aroundtheclergyman,weresotakenbysurprise(非常吃惊)andsoperplexedastothepurportofwhattheysaw,（无法理解他们目睹的一切）--unabletoreceivetheexplanationwhichmostreadilypresenteditself（无法接受对此明确的解释）,ortoimagineanyother(又无法想出别的解释),--thattheyremainedsilentandinactivespectatorsofthejudgmentwhichProvidenceseemedabouttowork（由天意介入的一次审判）.Theybeheldtheminister,leaningonHester'sshoulderandsupportedbyherarmaroundhim,approachthescaffold,andascenditssteps,whilestillthelittlehandofthesin-bornchildwasclaspedinhis（另一只手紧握着由罪恶而生的孩子的小手）,OldRogerChillingworthfollowed,asoneintimatelyconnectedwiththedramaofguiltandsorrow（仿佛是同这场罪恶和哀愁的大戏有密切联系的人）inwhichtheyhadallbeenactors（在这场戏中全是演员）,andwellentitled,（很有资格）therefore,tobepresentatitsclosingscene（现身在最后的一幕里）."Hadstthousoughtthewholeearthover（即使你找遍全世界）,"saidhe,lookingdarklyattheclergyman,"therewasnooneplacesosecret,--nohighplacenorlowlyplace,wherethoucouldsthaveescapedme（你是躲不过我的）,--saveonthisveryscaffold（除了这个刑台之外，再没有一个隐秘的地方）!"**(Thisparagraphstartswith“PeopleofNewEngland!”thelastparagraphinp.227)“…Atlast!--Atlast!Istanduponthespotwhere,sevenyearssince,Ishouldhavestood;here,withthiswoman,whosearm(她的臂膀),morethanthelittlestrengthwherewithIhavecrepthitherward,sustainsme(支撑着我),atthisdreadfulmoment,fromgrovellingdownuponmyface!(不至于脸朝下地跌倒在地)Look,thescarletletterwhichHesterwears!Yehaveallshudderedatit(大家全都畏避它)!Whereverherwalkhathbeen,--wherever,somiserablyburdened,shemayhavehopedtofindrepose(希望得到安宁),--ithathcastaluridgleamofaweandhorriblerepugnanceroundabouther(那个字在她身旁总是放射着令人畏惧和厌恶的光芒).Buttherestoodoneinthemidstofyou,atwhosebrandofsinandinfamyyehavenotshuddered(他的罪恶与耻辱的烙印,你们却从未躲避过)!"**(P.228,thesecondparagraphfromthebottom)"Itwasonhim(烙印就在他身上)!"hecontinued,withakindoffierceness(带着一种凶猛的力量);sodeterminedwashetospeakoutthewhole."God'seyebeheldit(上帝的眼睛是看得见那印记的)!Theangelswereforeverpointingatit!TheDevilknewitwell,andfretteditcontinuallywiththetouchofhisburningfinger(总是用滚烫的手拨弄它)!Buthediditcunninglyfrommen(他狡猾地在人前藏起那印记),andwalkedamongyouwiththemienofaspirit(以骄傲的神态), mournful(悲哀啊),becausesopureinasinfulworld!--andsad,becausehemissedhisheavenlykindred(失掉了他天国的亲人)!Now,atthedeath-hour,hestandsupbeforeyou!HebidsyoulookagainatHester'sscarletletter!Hetellsyou,that,withallitsmysterioushorror,itisbuttheshadowofwhathebearsonhisownbreast,andthateventhis,hisownredstigmaisnomorethanthetypeofwhathassearedhisinmostheart(他那久久不愈的红色伤痕,也不过是他内心烙印的表征罢了)!StandanyherethatquestionGod'sjudgmentonasinner(站在这里的人们,有谁怀疑上帝对一个罪人的惩罚吗)?Behold(看哪)!Beholdadreadfulwitnessofit(看这恐怖的证据吧)!"Withaconvulsivemotion(以痉挛的动作)hetoreawaytheministerialbandfrombeforehisbreast(胸前的牧师的饰带).Itwasrevealed!Butitwereirreverenttodescribethatrevelation.(描述这种显露是不敬的)Foraninstantthegazeofthehorrorstrickenmultitudewasconcentratedontheghastlymiracle(震惊而呆滞的目光都聚焦在这恐怖的奇特印记上);whiletheministerstoodwithaflushoftriumphinhisface(面带胜利的红潮),asonewho,inthecrisisofacutestpain(在极端痛苦的紧要关头),hadwonavictory.Then,downhesankuponthescaffold!Hesterpartlyraisedhim,andsupportedhisheadagainstherbosom.OldRogerChii1ingworthkneltdownbesidehim,withablank,dullcountenance(茫然呆滞的神色),outofwhichthelifeseemedtohavedeparted(生命似乎离开了他的脸).**(P.229,thethirdparagraphfrombottom)"Hester,"saidtheclergyman,"farewell(永别了)!""Shallwenotmeetagain?"whisperedshe,bendingherfacedownclosetohis."Shallwenotspendourimmortallifetogether?Surely,surely,wehaveransomedoneanother,withallthiswoe!(我们已经用这一切悲苦彼此赎了罪)Thoulookestfarintoeternity(你遥望永恒),withthosebrightdyingeyes!Thentellmewhatthouseest?”“Hush,Hester,hush!”saidhe,withtremuloussolemnity(颤抖然而庄严地)“Thelawwebroke!--thesinheresoawfullyrevealed!–letthesealonebeinthythoughts(你只能想着这些)!Ifear!Ifear!Itmaybe,thatwhenweforgotourGod,--whenweviolatedourreverenceeachfortheother’ssoul,(彼此侵犯了对方灵魂的敬畏)–itwasthenceforthvaintohopethatwecouldmeethereafter,inaneverlastingandpurereunion(希望再次相遇,在永恒与纯洁中重新结合).Godknows;andHeismerciful!Hehathprovedhismercy,mostofall,inmyafflictions(在我的痛楚中,表明了他的慈悲).Bygivingmethisburningtorturetobearuponmybreast!Bysendingyonderdarkandterribleoldman(把那个阴森可怕的老人派遣来),tokeepthetorturealwaysatred-heat!Bybringingmehither,todiethisdeathoftriumphantignominybeforethepeople(使我在胜利的耻辱中,死在人们面前)!Hadeitheroftheseagoniesbeenwanting,Ihadbeenlostforever(如果这些痛苦欠缺些许,我便是万劫不复了)!Praisedbehisname(赞美他的圣名吧)!Hiswillbedone(完成他的旨意吧)!Farewell!”Thatfinalwordcameforthwiththeminister'sexpiringbreath(最后的气息).Themultitude,silenttillthen,brokeoutinastrange,deepvoiceofaweandwonder(忽然爆发出一阵深沉的敬畏与惊愕混合的声音),whichcouldnotasyetfind utterance(那不能变成语言),saveinthismurmurthatrolledsoheavilyafterthedepartedspirit(含混不清地随着离世的灵魂隆隆地鸣响着).COMMENT:Thisisprobablythemostdramaticchapteroftheentirebook.Itisfilledwithhighpoints(充满高潮).Dimmesdalefinisheshissermon,andthepeoplearealmoststunnedintosilencewithadmirationathisbrilliant,inspiredthoughts.Then,theyoutdoeachother(相互争执),loudlydeclaringthatneverbeforehasmanspokensowell.Theprocessionofprominentpeoplethreadsitswaythroughtheexcitedpeople.Thetownspeoplecheer.Suddenly,ingreatcontrast,isseenthechangedfigureoftheminister.Henolongerisstrongandhearty.Healmoststaggers.Howhehaschangedfromwhathewasafewminutesago–attheendofhistriumphantsermon.Hetotters(踉跄)onhisfeet.Evidently,heisgatheringhiscouragetodothethingwhichhasrepresentedhorroranddisgracetohim:heisabouttoconfess.Howdramaticishisbeckoningto(示意)HesterandPearltojoinhim!EvenmoredramaticisRogerChillingworth'sattempttostopDimmesdalefromconfessing.WhenthefeebleministercallsuponHestertohelphimclimbthestepsofthescaffold,thecrowdisverycurious.Chillingworthinstinctivelyfollowsthemupthestairstotheplatformofthescaffold,forhehasbeenoneofthe"actors"inthis"dramaofguiltandsorrow."Dimmesdalereferstohis"ownredstigma,"andthenhepushesasidehisclericalneckpiece(牧师的佩带)andrevealsittothe"horror-strickenmultitude(惊恐的人们)."(OneneverknowsexactlywhatDimmesdale's"stigma"is,butitmightresemblethemarkofabrandingironformedintotheletter"A."Theministerreferstoitasbeingthe"type"ofwhathas"seared"hisownheart(烙在他心灵的燃烧之火).)ArthurDimmesdalehasthusgainedastrangesortofhumility(一种奇怪的谦卑).Hehasfaceduptothesituation--thatis,hehasfreelyadmittedhispartinHester'ssin(承认与Hester同罪).HebelievesthatheandHestermaynevermeetinalifeafterdeath.Heisevengratefulforthetorturehehasbeenthrough,forhefeelsthathehasbeensaved(andforgiven)throughhistorment.Thus,hedies,believinghehaspaidthepriceforhissinthroughhissuffering(为自己的罪恶付出痛苦的代价).