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时间:2018-10-24
《突破衍射极限的成像方法综述》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、突破衍射极限的成像方法综述 摘要:“衍射?O限”实际上不是一个真正的障碍,除非处理远场和定位精度。这种衍射障碍并不是坚不可摧的,可以利用一些智能技术来突破光学衍射极限。讨论了四种技术,近场扫描光学显微镜(NSOM)法,受激发射损耗(STED)显微镜法,光激活定位显微镜(PALM)法或随机光学重建显微镜(STORM)法和结构照明显微镜(SIM)法,并且介绍了各自的基本原则与优劣。NSOM利用纳米级探测器检测通过光纤的极小汇聚光斑,从而获得单个像素的分辨率;PALM和STORM利用荧光探针,实现暗场和荧光的转换,从而观察到极小的
2、荧光团;SIM则是利用栅格图案与样品叠加成像来实现。其中,STORM具有相对较高的潜力,能够更为有效地突破衍射极限。 关键词: 衍射极限;近场显微镜;三维显微 中图分类号:O43文献标志码:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.10055630.2017.01.014 Areviewonimagingmethodstobreakthediffractionlimit RamzanUllah1,2,ZHENGYuxiang1 (1.ShanghaiUltraPrecisionOpticalManufacturing
3、EngineeringCenter,DepartmentofOpticalScienceandEngineering, FudanUniversity,Shanghai200433,China; 2.DepartmentofPhysics,COMSATSInstituteofInformationTechnology,Islamabad45550,Pakistan) Abstract: Notoriousterm'diffractionlimit'isnotactuallyatruebarrierunlessweare
4、dealingwithfarfieldandlocalizationprecision.Thisdiffractionbarrierisnotimpenetrableandcanbebrokenwithsomeintelligenttechniques.Wediscussherefourpowerfultechniques,nearfieldscanningopticalmicroscopy(NSOM),stimulatedemissiondepletion(STED)microscopy,photoactivatedloca
5、lizationmicroscopy(PALM)&stochasticopticalreconstructionmicroscopy(STORM)andstructuredilluminationmicroscopy(SIM),alongwiththeirunderlyingprinciplestogetherwithprosandcons.NSOMusesananometerscaledetectororsourcewhichcompelsthelighttopassthroughthetinytipofafiberwhil
6、ekeepingthedistancebetweenthetipandsamplelessthanλ.AtanygivenmomentinaSTEDmicroscope,laserlightisfocusedintoasmallspotbytheobjectiveandasaresult,allfluorophoreswithinthisfocusedspotradiatefluorescence,whichisthengatheredbytheobjectiveandheadedtothedetectorwhereitfor
7、msasinglepixel.FluorescentprobesareemployedbySTORM/PALM,whichareabletotogglebetweendarkstatesandfluorescentsothatwitheverysnapshottaken,onlyatiny,opticallyresolvableportionofthefluorophoresisobserved.Structuredilluminationisawidefieldtechniqueinwhichagridpatternispr
8、oducedbytheinterferenceofdiffractionorderswhicharesuperimposedonthesamplewhiletakingimages.STORMhastherelativelyhighpotentialtoeffectively
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