新人教版选修七-unit-1-living-well-grammar[课件]

《新人教版选修七-unit-1-living-well-grammar[课件]》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

RevisetheInfinitiveUnit1Grammar DoyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird? HowcanyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird?_______istobelieve.It’simpossibleforhumans________________now.Toseetoflylikeabird Martysays…2.Iusedtoclimbtrees,swimandplayfootball.3.ThenIstartedtogetweakerandweaker.HaveALkUnfortunately,thedoctorsdon’tknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadapttomydisability. 4.Evenafterallthat,noonecouldgivemydiseaseanameanditisdifficulttoknowwhatthefutureholds.5.Sometimes,too,Iwastooweaktogotoschoolsomyeducationsuffered.6.MyambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenIgrowup.Martysays… Martysays…7.LastyearIinvented…andabigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.8.Ialsohavetodoalotofwork,especiallyifIhavebeenawayforawhile.9.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo. 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/nevertodo”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。不定式 动词不定式的作用FunctionsofInfinitive1主语(subject)2表语(predicative)3宾语(object)4宾补(objectcomplement)5定语(attribute)6状语(adverbial)7独立结构(absoluteconstruction) 1不定式作主语(subject)Tokeepsmilingishealthyforyou.It’simportanttolookupthenewwordsinthedictionarywhenyoustudyEnglish.单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式后置。 Myjobtoprotecttheworld.Yourtaskisto_____________.is2不定式作表语(predicative) Seeingistobelieve.Toseeisbelieving.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.×√√×不定式常用在系动词be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表语。Allyouhavetodois(to)finishthejobquickly.如果主语部分有个表示不定式内容的do,用作表语的不定式可省略to。 YaoMinglikestoplaybasketball.Ifinditstillnecessary(forhim)to_________ifhewantstowin.3不定式作宾语(object)句型：think/consider/findit+adj.+todo 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree,afford,appear,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,hate,hesitate,hope,hurry,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish。 4不定式作宾补(objectcomplement)Mymumasksmetoplaythepianotwohourseveryday. Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.引导不定式作宾补的动词：warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等+sbtodosth listentohearwatch五看seelookatobservenotice三使letmakehave二听一感觉:feel+sbdosth（不带to） 1.Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.但当以上的动词用于被动式，to要还原：MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek.Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek. 不定式做宾补时不带to的情况1不定式在感官动词(feel,hear,listento,watch,lookat,notice,observe)后；2使役动词(let,have,make)后边作宾补时,省去to,但是在被动语态中要还原to； 3不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to。1.Shecoulddonothingbutcry.2.Ihavenochoicebuttogo.3.Whatdoyouliketodobesidessleep. 5不定式作定语(attribute)1.Kateislookingforasuitablecoattowear.2.Tomhasanicepentowritewith. 1.不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后(a)Shewasverybusyandhadnotimetovisitherfriends.(b)Ladiesandgentlemen,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.不定式作定语 不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：Ihavealotofworktodo.我有很多工作要做。Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.他总是第一个来。Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.我们都有上大学的机会。(1)动宾关系(2)主谓关系(3)同位关系 2.当名词被thefirst,thelast,theonly等词以及形容词最高级修饰时eg:Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.3.something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。 注意比较：1)Haveyouanythingtosend?你有什么东西要寄吗？2)Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式tosend的动作执行者是you）（不定式tobesent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someoneelse） 4.如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当的介词。Pleasepassmesomepapertowrite____.on3.也可用在have…todo和therebe句型中。Thereisnoonetotakecareofher.Ihavenojewelrytowear. Igotupearlyto_____________.Youcamehereto________.inorderto,soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too...tocatchthetrain6不定式作状语(adverbial)在一些短语中也有体现 eg:Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.1.表示目的:toinordertosoasto不定式作状语 2.表示原因:不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed等。eg:I’mglad/pleasedtoseeyou.Weweresurprisedtohearthenews. so+adj./adv.+astodo…such+adj.+n.+astodo…adj./adv.+enough+todotoo+adv./adj.+todoHewassofoolishastobelieveit.=Hewassuchafoolastobelieveit.=Hewasfoolishenoughtobelieveit.3.结果状语: Totellthetruth,Iamnothappyatthemoment.tobefranktobehonesttotellthetruth7独立结构(absoluteconstruction) 1.Itisgoodtohelpothers.2.Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings.3.MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.Identifyitsfunction.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想 4.Idon’thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.5.Iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake.6.Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.7.MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam.(attribute)(attribute)(object)(object) 8.Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife.9.SomedaysIamtootiredtogetoutofbed.10.Wemustcallonlocalgovernmenttogivefinancialassistancetodisabledpeople.(adverbial)(adverbial)(objectcomplement) 动词不定式的时态和语态形式主动被动一般式进行式完成式完成进行式todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone (1)Theypretendednottoseeus.(2)Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3)Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后。)(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行。)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。)(4)We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。) 不定式的时态不定式的一般式todoIamgladtoseeyou.Hehasdecidedtogivehersomemoney.表示的动作通常与谓语所表示的动作或状态同时或者几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。 不定式的进行式tobedoingIamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.Hepretendedtobeworkinghardwhenhisbosspassedhim.表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 不定式的完成式tohavedoneHehappenedtohaveseenthefilmbefore.ThenovelisbelievedtohavebeentranslatedintoChinese.不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作或状态之前。 Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport,buthedidn’tgetthereintime.表示过去没有实现的期待或者计划hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planned…Hewouldliketohaveplayedtheviolinattheconcert.不定式的完成式在wouldlike后边表示未能实现的愿望。 不定式的语态主动语态todo被动语态tobedoneItisanhonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Everyonelikestheherotobepraised. Weaskedhimtostaytillthenextday,butherefusedto.Areyouateacher?Yes,andIhavetobe.Whatwewanttodonowisliedownandhaveagoodrest.Ididn’tsayanythingbuttomakeagesture.省略to与省略do 1.prefern.(doing)ton.(doing)2.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.3.wouldratherdo4.wouldrather+句子（虚拟语气）5.advise/allow/permit/forbidsb.todoadvise/allow/permit/forbid)doing固定词组和句型 几对易混淆的词组：stoptodosth.停下来去做某事doingsth.停止做某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事doingsth.忘记已做了某事remembertodosth.记得去做某事doingsth.记得曾经做某事 Thequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.Theproblemisdifficulttodealwith.1.主语＋be+adj.+todo能用于此句型的形容词有:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome(使人疲劳的),interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important,etc.主动形式表被动意义的不定式 Theboxislightenoughtocarry.Theriverwateriswarmenoughtoswimin.2.主语+be+adj.+enough+todoThebooksseemedtooheavytocarry.Theiceistoothintoskateon.3.主语+be+too+adj.+todo 1.LastsummerItookacourseon____.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade课堂练兵 2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.Therearefivepairs____,butIamatalosswhichtobuy.AtobechosenBtochoosefromCtochooseDforchoosing 4.Ifindtheseproblemsareeasy_____.A.tobeworkedoutB.toworkthemoutC.toworkoutD.tobeworkedthemout5.______lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept 6.Iwouldlove_______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.havinggoneC.goingD.tohavegone7.Johnwasmade_____thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing 8.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident＿＿losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto9.Thepatientwaswarned_____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating 1.____thiscake,you’llneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.(2006广东卷)A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making实战高考 2.LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)_____birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.(2007重庆卷)A.issaidtobebuyingB.issaidtohaveboughtC.hadsaidtobuyD.hassaidtohavebought 3.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_____.(2008全国卷)A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed 4.–Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?–Yes.But______it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.(2008北京卷)A.tofindB.findC.tofindingD.finding 5.Davidthreatened_______hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.(2009上海卷)A.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported 6.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_______withallbyourselveseveryday.(2009重庆卷)A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing 7.Thechildrenallturned_______thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.(2009全国卷I)A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat 8.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.(2010全国I卷)A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.tohavebought 9.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting____________.(2010江西卷)A.todiscoverB.tobediscoveredC.discoveredD.beingdiscovered 10.Wewereastonished_______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(2010辽宁卷)A.findingB.tofindC.findD.tobefound 11.Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.(2010山东卷)A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted 12.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant___________.(2010四川卷)A.todealwithB.dealingwithC.tobedealtwithD.dealtwith 1爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_____________________arebothgreathappiness.2据说他已经完成了他的工作。Heissaid_________________________________.3根据报道他们已安全到达。Theyarereported___________________.Toloveandtobelovedtohavefinished/completedhiswork翻译下面的句子。tohavearrivedsafely 4我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。Iwantthisbike___________________________________.5玛利仿佛已经被告知此事了。Maryseemed______________________.6众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。Heisknown_________________agoldmedalattheOlympics.toberepairedatoncetohavebeentoldaboutittohavebeengiven/immediately Iwanttotellyousomething...Makeupashortpassageusingtheinfinitiveasmuchaspossible.Thebeginningofthepassageisgivenbelow. ForexampleHi,Iwanttotellyousomething.IwillgotoRuianforshoppingthisafternoon.Doyouwanttogowithme?First,I’dliketogotoKaitaiStore.Buttobefrank,mostoftimeIamthereonlytodosomewindowshopping,becauseeverythingisexpensive.Then,IplantogotoHongQiao Roadtobuysomeclothes.Iliketotrythenewfashionstyleofthisseason.Bytheway,doyouknowanythingtoentertainus?Ifso,Ican’twaittohaveatry!Whynotcomeandjoinme? Homework:1.Revisetheinfinitive.2.FinishtheexercisesonP.P.4-5. Thankyou.