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1、^~2018年6月大学英语六级考试仔细阅读真题解析（卷二）SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleli
2、nethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Economicallyspeaking,arewebetteroffthanweweretenyearsago?Twentyyearsago?Intheirthirstforevidenceonthisissue,commentatorsseizedontherecentreportbytheCensusBureau,whichfoundthataveragehouseholdincomeroseb
3、y5.2%in2015.Unfortunately,thatconclusionputstoomuchweightonauseful,butflawedandincomplete,statistic.AmongthemoresignificantproblemswiththeCensus’smeasurearethat:1)itexcludestaxes,transfers,andcompensationlikeemployer-providedhealthinsurance;and2)itisbasedonsurveysratherthanda
4、ta.Evenifpreciselymeasured,incomedataexcludeimportantdeterminantsofeconomicwell- being,suchasthehoursofworkneededtoearnthatincome.Whilethinkingaboutthequestion,wecameacrossarecentlypublishedarticlebyCharlesJonesandPeterKlenow,whichproposesaninterestingnewmeasureofeconomicwelf
5、are.Whilebynomeansperfect,itisconsiderablymorecomprehensivethanaverageincome,takingintoaccountnotonlygrowthinconsumptionperpersonbutalsochangesinworkingtime,lifeexpectancy,andinequality.Moreover,itcanbeusedtoassesseconomicperformancebothacrosscountriesandovertime.TheJones-Kle
6、nowmethodcanbeillustratedbyacross-countryexample.SupposewewanttocomparetheeconomicwelfareofcitizensoftheU.S.andFrancein2005.In2005,astheauthorsobserve,realconsumptionperpersoninFrancewasonly60%ashighastheU.S.,makingitappearthatAmericanswereeconomicallymuchbetteroffthantheFren
7、chonaverage.However,thatcomparisonomitsotherrelevantfactors:leisuretime,lifeexpectancy,andeconomicinequality.TheFrenchtakelongervacationsandretireearlier,sotypicallyworkfewerhours;theyenjoyahigherlifeexpectancy,presumablyreflectingadvantageswithrespecttohealthcare,diet,lifest
8、yle,andthelike;andincomeandconsumptionaresomewhatmoreequallydistribu
