proteins蛋白质折叠问题

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1、TheProteinFoldingProblemYiFangProteinsProteinsarethemostimportantperformersoflifeactivities.Theyarenature'srobots.Theyparticipateineverylifephenomenon:regulatephysiologicalprocesses;catalyzechemicalreactions;formsupportingstructures;transfersignalssothatwecanf

2、eel,hear,andsee;formtheimmunesystemtodealwithintruders;absorbenergyfromlight;helpreplicateDNA;etc.AminoAcidsProteinsarepolymers,buildingfromstandardblockscalledaminoacids.Thereare20kindsofaminoacids.StructuresofProteinsProteinscanhaveinfinitedifferentstructure

3、s,forexample,bychangingtheIandINativeStructuresofProteinsAlthoughaproteincanhaveinfinitestructures,onlyoneshape,calledthenativestructureoftheprotein,canperformthebiologicalfunctionoftheprotein.Wrongshapesofproteins,arecausesofmanydiseases.ProteinFoldingAnami

4、noacidschainisalongandthinstring.Thisstringinspacecanforminfinitedifferentshapes.Onlyoneshape,calledthenativestructureoftheprotein,canperformthebiologicalfunctionoftheprotein.ProteinFoldingPhysically,anaminoacidchainisaverylongandverythinstring.Incell,anewamin

5、oacidchain,especiallysmallones(100to400residues)willautomaticallyfoldtoitsnativestructure.Thisprocessiscalledproteinfolding.ProteinFoldingProblemFoldingCode:whatisthefundamentallawoffoldingStructurepredictionFoldingprocessDominateForceWhatisthedominateforceinp

6、roteinfolding?Hydrogenbonding?Hydrophobiceffect?ThermodynamicalPrincipleThenativestructuralofaproteinisdeterminedbyitsaminoacidsequenceAmongallpossiblestructures(conformations),thenativestructurehastheleastGibbsfreeenergyStructurePredictionFromlocaltoglobalTak

7、ingaglobalviewPrimarystructure,theaminoacidsequence,dependsonthesequencingofDNAsequenceStructurePredictionFirstprincipleLackofGibbsfreeenergyprohibitionG(X)=?HomologusPredictionDependingondatabaseFromlocaltoglobalDrawingtigerbycat’simageStillbeingthemostsucces

8、sfulmethodFirstPrinciplePredictionFollowingFundamentalLawsNotdependingondatabaseduringpredictionRevealinsightfortheinverseproblem,giventheshape,arrangeanaminoacidsequencesuchthatit