as the internet and computer use become more common, 阅读理解答案

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1、AstheInternetandcomputerusebecomemorecommon,阅读理解答案　　AstheInternetandcomputerusebecomemorecommon,theneedforsecurityismoreimportantthanever.Accordingtothelateststatisticalanalysis,itisestimatedthereareoverbillionInternetusersworldwide.TheInternetprovidesdiverseandusefulresourc

2、essuchasEmail,instantmessaging,academicresearch,productresearch,payingbills,shopping,onlinebanking,andthelistgoesonandon.FormanyofitsbillionuserstheInternetisnotjustatoolbutawayoflife.Butmostusersfailtotakethetimetoresearchtherisksinvolved.Oneofthegreatestintheonlineworldisc

3、omputerhacking.　　Computerhackingistheunauthorizedaccesstoacomputerornetworkofcomputers.Hackers,thosepeoplewhoillegallyentersystems,mayalterordeleteinformation,stealprivateinformation,orspreadvirusesthatcandamageordestroyfiles.Buthowexactlycanahackergetintoasystemtodothesethi

4、ngs?　　Mosthackersuseinformationcalledprotocols(协议)thatarebuiltintocomputersoftware.Theseprotocolsallowcomputerstointeractwithoneanother.Protocolsaresortoflikecomputerpoliceofficers(合法的).Whenacomputerconnectstoanothersystem,theprotocolschecktoseeiftheaccessisvalid.Theprotocol

5、scanalsodeterminehowmuchinformationcanbesharedbetweenthetwosystems.Hackerscanmanipulate(操纵)theprotocolstogetunlimitedaccesstoacomputersystem.Infact,justtheactofenteringacomputernetworkisconsideredhacking.Thisiscommonlycalledpassivehacking.Passivehackersgetarushfromjustbeinga

6、bletoinvadeachallengingsystemlikeabankormilitarynetwork.Hackersthatdodamagetoasystembyreleasingvirusesoraltering,deleting,ortakinginformationareknownasactivehackers.Theyare,byfar,themoredangerousofthetwo.　　Theeasiestwaytoprotectasystemiswithagoodpassword.Longandunusualpasswo

7、rds,insteadofyourdateofbirthortelephonenumber,areharderforhackerstoguess.Forevengreatersecurity,someonlineservicesnowuse“password-plus”systems.Inthiscase,usersfirstputinapasswordandthenputinasecondcodethatchangesaftertheuseraccessesthesite.Usershavespecialcardsordevicesthats

8、howthemthenewcodetousethenexttime.Soifahackerstealsthepassword,theywon’thav