免疫球蛋白结构和功能关系

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1、ImmunoglobulinStructure-FunctionRelationship免疫球蛋白的结构与功能的关系SignallingantigenreceptorsonBcells-bifunctionalantigen-bindingsecretedmolecules（B细胞表面受体和分泌的抗体）Structuralconservationandinfinitevariability-domainstructure（结构上不仅保守而且无限可变的）.TheImmunoglobulinGeneSuperfamily（免疫球蛋白的超家族）Theimmunoglobulinfol

2、d（免疫球蛋白的折叠）Frameworkandcomplementaritydeterminingregions-hypervariableloops（框架结构和可变区）Modesofinteractionswithantigens（与抗原相互作用的模型）Effectormechanismsandisotype–roleoftheFc.（Fc区的作用）MultimericantibodiesandmultimerisationCharacteristicsandpropertiesofeachIgisotypeIgreceptorsandtheirfunctionsImmuno

3、globulinStructure-FunctionRelationshipCellsurfaceantigenreceptoronBcellsB细胞表面受体和分泌的抗体AllowsBcellstosensetheirantigenicenvironmentConnectsextracellularspacewithintracellularsignallingmachinerySecretedantibody（抗体）Neutralisation（中和作用）Arming/recruitingeffectorcells（激活或者诱导功能细胞）Complementfixation（

4、帮助机体对抗原的清除）ImmunoglobulinStructure-FunctionRelationshipImmunoglobulinsareBifunctionalProteinsImmunoglobulinsmustinteractwithasmallnumberofspecialisedmolecules-（免疫球蛋白必须与特殊分子相互作用）Fcreceptorsoncells（细胞表面的Fc受体）Complementproteins（辅助蛋白）Intracellularcellsignallingmolecules（细胞内信号转导分子）whilstsimultane

5、ouslyrecognisinganinfinitearrayofantigenicdeterminants.（同时能够识别无限抗原族）StructuralconservationandacapacityforinfinitevariabilityinasinglemoleculeisprovidedbyaDOMAINstructure.（结构上不仅保守而且无限可变的-抗体结构域）Igdomainsarederivedfromasingleancestralgenethathasduplicated,diversifiedandbeenmodifiedtoendowanasso

6、rtmentoffunctionalqualitiesonacommonbasicstructure（Ig结构域源于一个原始基因，复制，多元化，修饰等）Igdomainsarenotrestrictedtoimmunoglobulins（Ig结构域不仅仅局限于免疫球蛋白）.ThemoststrikingcharacteristicoftheIgdomainisadisulphidebond-linkedstructureof110aminoacidslong（Ig结构域最明显的特点是其双硫键，连接了110个氨基酸）.ImmunoglobulindomainsThegenesen

7、codingIgdomainsarenotrestrictedtoIggenes.Althoughfirstdiscoveredinimmunoglobulins,theyarefoundinasuperfamilyofrelatedgenes,particularlythoseencodingproteinscrucialtocell-cellinteractionsandmolecularrecognitionsystems.IgSFmoleculesarefoundinmostcell