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ID:20977190
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页数:6页
时间:2018-10-18
《young people ought not to be idle. it is very bad for them,” 阅读理解答案》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、YOUNGpeopleoughtnottobeidle.Itisverybadforthem,”阅读理解答案 YOUNGpeopleoughtnottobeidle.Itisverybadforthem,”saidMargaretThatcherin1984.Shewasright:therearefewworsethingsthatsocietycandotoitsyoungthantoleavetheminthestateofneglect. Yetmoreyoungpeopleareid
2、lethanever.OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)(经合组织)figuressuggestthat26m15-to24-year-oldsindevelopedcountriesarenotinemployment.TheInternationalLabourOrganizationreportsthat75myoungpeoplegloballyarelookingforajob.WorldBanksurveyssu
3、ggestthat262myoungpeopleareeconomicallyinactive.Dependingonhowyoumeasurethem,thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobisnearlyaslargeasthepopulationofAmerica(311m).(m=million) Twofactorsplayabigpart.First,thelongslowdownintheWesthasreduceddemandforlabour,and
4、itiseasiertoputoffhiringyoungpeoplethanitistofireolderworkers.Second,inemergingeconomiespopulationgrowthisthefastestincountrieswithdysfunctionallabourmarkets,suchasIndiaandEgypt. Onepossiblewaytosettlethisproblemistoreignitegrowth.Thatiseasiersaidtha
5、ndoneinaworldsufferingfromdebt,andisanywayonlyapartialanswer.Thecountrieswheretheproblemisworst(suchasSpainandEgypt)sufferedfromhighyouthunemploymentevenwhentheireconomiesweregrowing.Throughouttherecessioncompanieshavecontinuedtocomplainthattheycannot
6、findyoungpeoplewiththerightskills.Thisunderlinestheimportanceoftwoothersolutions:reforminglabourmarketsandimprovingeducation. Youthunemploymentisoftenatitsworstincountrieswithrigidlabourmarkets.Hightaxesonhiring,strictrulesaboutfiring,highminimumwage
7、s:allthesehelpforceyoungpeopletothestreetcorner.SouthAfricahassomeofthehighestunemploymentsouthoftheSahara,inpartbecauseithaspowerfultradeunionsandrigidrulesabouthiringandfiring.Manycountrieswithhighyouthunemploymentratehavehighminimumwagesandheavytax
8、esonlabour.Indiahasaround200lawsonworkandpay. Deregulating(解除管制)labourmarketsisthuscentraltosettlingyouthunemployment.Butitwillnotbeenoughonitsown.Britainhasaflexiblelabourmarketandhighyouthunemployment.Incountrieswithbetterrecords,government
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