绪论骨学躯干骨（2006）课件

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1、SystematicAnatomydownDepartmentofAnatomyYunyangmedicalcollege【目的和要求】1．了解系统解剖学的任务、分科及发展简史。2．掌握人体的标准姿势、方位术语、轴和面。3．掌握骨的分类，了解骨的表面形态，掌握骨的构造。4．了解骨的化学成分和物理性质。5．掌握椎骨的一般形态、各部椎骨的主要特征。6．掌握胸骨的分部及重要标志。7．掌握肋的组成、形态结构。上页Introduction一、ConceptanddivisionHumanAnatomyisthesci

2、encewhichdealswiththegrossmorphologyandspatialinterrelationsofthestructureofthebody.Formedicalstudents,humananatomyisthebasiccourseofpreclinicalandclinicalcurriculum.downUpsystematicanatomymacroanatomy巨视解剖regionalanatomyhistologymicroanatomycytology微视解剖emb

3、ryologysurgicalanatomysurfaceanatomyX-rayanatomysectionalanatomylocomotiveanatomyhumananatomy（division）downUp二、人体解剖学发展简史（自学）三、我国人体解剖学的发展历程（自学）downUp四、ThepartsandsystemsofthebodyⅠ.thehumanbodyisdividedintotenparts.theheadtheneckthethoraxthebacktheabdomenthe

4、pelvisandperineumtheupperlimbsthelowerlimbsdownUpⅡ.ThetermsofdirectionSuperiorandinferiorAnteriorandposterior(ventral)and(dorsal)MedialandlateralInternalandexternalSuperficialandprofoundProximal近anddistal远Ulnar尺andradial桡Tibial胫andfibular腓downUpⅢ.Theaxisan

5、dplanesverticalaxisaxissagittalaxisfrontalaxissagittalplaneplanesfrontalplanehorizontalplaneverticalaxissagittalaxisfrontalaxisdownUp六、人体解剖学的学习方法downUp运动系统LocomotorsystemdownUpThelocomotorsystemconsistsofbones,jointsandmusclesoriginbellytendoninsertiondown

6、UpChapter1Osteology骨学Accordingtothelocationofthebones,itcanbedividedintoskull,bonesoftrunk,bonesoflimbs.TheformertwoformtheaxialboneSection1ThegeneraldescriptiondownUp一、Theshapeandclassificationoftheboneslongbones长骨shortbones短骨flatbones扁骨irregularbones不规则骨

7、downUp1.longbonesarefoundinlimbs,itconsistsofabodyandtwoends.MedullarycavityEpiphysisEpiphysialcartilagedownUp2.shortbonestheshortbonesdistributeinwristandfoot.downUp3.flatbonestheydistributeinskullandchest.downUp4.irregularbonestheirregularbonesaregreatly

8、variedinshape,suchascranialbonesandvertebrae.sinusdownUp二、骨的表面形态（了解）Thelivingbonesconsistofbonysubstance骨质,periosteum骨膜andbonemarrow骨髓.PeriosteumBonysubstanceBonemarrowdownUp三、thestructureofbones1.bonysubstan