非谓语动词用法归纳(语法).doc

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1、非谓语动词用法归纳主动被动1.doing用在要求动词后；进行；伴随；性质；特点；概括；抽象；一般3.havingdone有先后动作表完成(一般用在句首)2.beingdone正在进行的被动4.havingbeendone用于句首；要求动词后（有过去时间或过去动作）5.todo用在要求动词后；目的；将来；具体7.tohavedone在要求动词后表完成的动作(一般用在句中)6.tobedone将来的被动8.tohavebeendone用在要求动词后（有过去时间或过去动作）9.done被动；完成（一般或普遍时间）一、表格的用法1.doing的用法（1）在要求

2、动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认admit承认advocate提倡/主张consider考虑can'thelp不禁can'tstand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白dislike不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得delay延迟deny否认dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅fancy幻想/爱好favor造成/偏爱figure描绘/

3、计算hate讨厌imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许postpone推迟practice实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受worth值得Youshouldtrytoavoidmakingmistakes.Thebookisworthreading.Thebookdese

4、rvesreading.（2）表进行Walkingonthegrassland,Isawasnake.=WhenIwaswalkingonthegrassland,Isawasnake.ThemanspeakingEnglishisTom.=ThemanwhoisspeakingEnglishisTom.（3）表主动ThemanspeakingEnglishisTom=ThemanwhospeaksEnglishisTom.=ThemanwhospokeEnglishisTom.Nobodydinksboilingwaterbutboiledwater

5、.=Nobodydinkswaterthatisboilingbutthewaterthathasboiled.（4）表伴随IstandoutsidewaitingforMr.Chen.Ilieinbedreadinganovel.（5）表性质；特点Thefilmisverymoving.Sheisunderstanding,soyouhadbetterdiscussyourbusinesswithher.（6）概括性,一般性Climbingmountainisveryinteresting.Drivingacarduringtherushhouris

6、tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(概括性,一般性)Ourworkisservingthepeople．（7）动名词的逻辑主语为；①人称代词的所有格+动名词；②名词's+动名词。例如：Tominsistedonmygoingwiththem．他坚持要我和他们一起去。Hedislikeshiswife'sworkinglate．他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。52.beingdone表示正在进行的被动TheboybeingcriticizedbyMr.ChenisTom.=TheboywhoisbeingcriticizedbyMr.ChenisTom.B

7、eingcriticizedbyMr.Chen,theboyfeltsad.=WhentheboywasbeingcriticizedbyMr.Chen,hefeltsad.Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbethetallestoneinthiscity.=Thebuildingthatisbeingbuiltwillbethetallestoneinthiscity.3.havingdone有先后动作表完成(一般用在句首)Havingfinishedtheclass,Iwenthome.=AfterIhadfinishedthec

8、lass,Iwenthome.Havingdonethework,Ihadashortrest