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1、一、总 论（一）解剖学分类(ClassificationofAnatomy)anatomy解剖学humananatomy,anthropotomy人类解剖学systematicanatomy 系统解剖学regional(topographic)anatomy,topology局部解剖学gross(macroscopic)anatomy 大体解剖学，巨视解剖学microscopicanatomy 显微解剖学macro-microscopicanatomy巨-微解剖学sectionalanatomy 断
2、面解剖学pathological(morbid)anatomy病理解剖学neuroanatomy 神经解剖学chemicalneuroanatomy 化学解剖学developmentalanatomy 发生(或发育)histologicanatomy 组织解剖学histology 组织学embryology胚胎学anthropology人类学（二）一般解剖学术语(GeneralAnatomicalTerms)dissection，dissect(v.)解剖，解剖标本normality，normal
3、(a.)正常abnormality,abnormal异常variation 变异deformity,malformation 畸形specimen 标本model 模型（三）方位术语(PositionalTerms)1.anatomicalposition 解剖学姿势 2.方位术语(termsofdirection)superior,upper 上inferior,lower 下anterior 前侧posterior 后侧ventral(dorsal) 腹(背)侧med
4、ial(lateral) 内(外)侧intermediate 中间internal,interior,inner,inside 内external,exterior,outer,outside 外superficial 浅deep,profound 深proximal(distal) 近(远)侧ulnar(radial) 尺(桡)侧tibial(fibular) 胫(腓)侧palmar 掌侧plantar 足底left 左right 右middle 中me
5、dian 正中3.轴和面(AxesandPlanes)axis(pl.axes),axial(a.) 轴vertical(perpendicular)axis,longitudinalaxis垂直轴,纵轴coronal(frontal)axis 冠(额)状轴sagittalaxis 矢状轴plane (平)面horizontal(transverse)plane 水平面,横平面coronal(frontal)plane 冠(额)状面sagittalplane 矢状面mediansagittalpla
6、ne 正中矢状面transversesection 横切面longitudinalsection 纵切面（四）人体的分部和分区(ToponymandZonationoftheHumanbody)1.头(Head)head头(的)Skull，craniun，cranial(a.) 颅front,frontal,region 额区perietalregion 顶区occiput,occipitalregion 枕区Face,facial(a.) 面orbit,orbitalregion 眶区n
7、ose,nasalregion 鼻区mouth,oralregion 口区chin,mentalregion 颌区ear,auditoryregion 耳区2.颈(Neck)neck,collum,cervical&jugular(a.) 颈anteriorregionofneck,anteriorofneck颈前区carotidtriangle 颈动脉三角musculartriangle 肌三角,肩胛舌骨肌 气管三角sternocleidomastoidregion 胸锁乳突肌区sup
8、raclaviculartriangle 锁骨上三角posteriorregionofneck,nuchalregion 颈 后区,项区nape,nucha,nuchal(a.) 项rootofneck 颈根部3.躯干 (Trunk)trunk,truncus 躯干Mediananteriorline 前正中线sternalline 胸骨线parasternalline 胸骨旁线mid
