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时间:2018-10-16
《初中英语语法之非谓语动词》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、初中英语语法之非谓语动词 1.定义:动词除在句子中作谓语以外,还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等,这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种:动词不定式、分词和动名词。 2.动词不定式:to+动词原形。 1)一般式:主动语态:todo,被动语态:tobe+动词过去分词 2)进行式:主动语态:tobedoing,被动语态:无 3)完成式:主动语态:tohave+动词过去分词,被动语态:tohavebeen+动词过去分词 4)用法: A.作主语:Tolearnaforeign
2、languageisnoteasy.=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage. B.作表语:Themostimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime. C.作宾语: a.动词+todo.Hedecidedtobuyanewwatch. b.动词+疑问词+todoIdon’tknowwheretoputthebike. c.动词+形式宾语+宾补+todoIfinditimportanttolearnasecondforeignlanguage. D.
3、作补语: a.动词+宾语+todoTomaskedmetoshowhimthenewshoes. b.动词+宾语+不带to的动词HeoftensawTomplayfootball. E.作状语: a.表示目的:HewenttoGuangzhoutoseehissons.Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus. b.表示结果:Heistootiredtowalkanyfarther.Theyaren’toldenoughtogotoschool. c.表示原因:Heissor
4、rytohearthat.Iamgladtoseeyou. F.作定语:Ihavesomethingtotellyou.Iwanttobuysomethingtoeat. 5)动词不定式to的省略: A.在感官动词feel,hear,see,watch,notice及使役动词have,let,make等后面要省to,但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to. Ioftensawhimgooutoftheroom.——Hewasoftenseentogooutoftheroombyme. B.在hadbetter,wou
5、ldrather,donothingbut等后面常省to. 6)动词不定式的否定形式:not+todo,有时也可以用-never+todo结构。 3.动名词:动词原形+ing.具有名词、动词一些特征。 1)一般式:主动语态:doing,被动语态:being+动词过去分词 2)完成式:主动语态:having+动词过去分词,被动语态:havingbeen+动词过去分词Childrenenjoywatchinganimatedcartoon.Idon’trememberhavingeverseenthefilm. 3
6、)动名词的否定形式:not+动名词Iregretnotbeingabletohelpyou. 4)用法: A.作主语: a.动名词作主语如果太长,可以用形式主语it代替。LearningEnglishisveryimportant.——It’sveryimportanttolearnEnglish. b.No+动名词表示“禁止”。Nosmoking,Noparking. B.作宾语:Hefinisheddoinghishomework. C.作表语:Hisfavouritesportisplayingbask
7、etball. D.作定语:shoppingbasket,finishingline. E.动名词的复合结构:名词所有格、形容词物主代词+动名词。Doyoumindmy/WeiFang’sopeningthewindow? 4.分词:动词原形+ing.具有形容词、副词和动词一些特征。 现在分词 1)一般式:主动语态:doing,被动语态:being+动词过去分词 2)完成式:主动语态:having+动词过去分词,被动语态:havingbeen+动词过去分词 3)动名词的否定形式:not+动名词Nounder
8、standingthemeaningofthewords,hecouldn’texplainthesentence. 4)用法: A.作表语。Theresultissurprising. B.作定语。Developingcountrysleepingboy C.作状语。Passingbythehouse,he
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