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1、延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如:learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:⑴ for+一段时间, 如:for2years; ⑵ since从句, 如sincehecamehere; since+过去时间点名词,如sincelastyear,since5daysago。例: He haslived her
2、e for6years. Youcan keep thebook for5days. 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如:twoyearsago; at5o'clock;例:He died 5years ago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换:(考试重点)例:He left fiveminutes ago. = Hehas beenaway for fivemin
3、utes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的,是过去时。也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了,这个动作是延续的,要用现在完成时,并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。 一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词:arrive(getto/reach)→behere(in)begin(start)→beondie→bedeadcomehere(back)→behere(back)leave→beaway(from)fallill(sick,asleep)→beill(sick,asleep)getup→beupgo/getout(there)→beout(there)fi
4、nish→beoverputon→wear或beonopen→beopen(keepsth.open)join→bein或beamemberof…+组织机构close→beclosedgotoschool→beastudentborrow→keepbuy/get→havecatch(acold)→have(acold)gettoknow→knowbegintostudy→studycometowork→workmoveto→liveinfinish→beovercometo→beinsitdown→beseatedmarry→bemarrieddress→bedressedbecome→b
5、e