【持续性肾脏替代治疗crrt英文精品课件】continuous renal replacement therapies

《【持续性肾脏替代治疗crrt英文精品课件】continuous renal replacement therapies》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、PatientManagement:RenalSystemDr.AidahAbuElsoudAlkaissiAn-NajahNationalUniversityFacultyofNursingRenalFunctionRenalfunctionmaybereplacedbyaprocesscalleddialysis,whichisalife-maintainingtherapyusedinacuteandchronicrenalfailure.Criticalcarenursesmayencounterpatientssuf

2、feringfromtheeffectsofacuterenalfailureorpatientsalreadyonsomeformofchronicdialysiswhosubsequentlybecomecriticallyill.Criticalcarenursesmustbefamiliarwithvariousdialysistherapiestohelpcareforpatientswithcomplexillnesses.RenalFunctionThethreemostcommonformsofrenalrepl

3、acementtherapy:hemodialysis,continuousrenalreplacementtherapies[CRRTs],commonfluidandelectrolyteimbalancesexperiencedbycriticallyillpatients.PHYSIOLOGYAllformsofdialysismakeuseoftheprinciplesofosmosisanddiffusiontoremovewasteproductsandexcessfluidfromtheblood.Asemipe

4、rmeablemembraneisplacedbetweenthebloodandaspeciallyformulatedsolutioncalleddialysate.PHYSIOLOGYDissolvedsubstances,suchasureaandcreatinine,diffuseacrossthemembranefromanareaofgreaterconcentration(blood)toanareaoflesserconcentration(dialysate).Watermoleculesmoveacross

5、themembranebyosmosistothesolutionthatcontainsfewerwatermoleculesPHYSIOLOGYDialysateisformulatedwithvaryingconcentrationsofdextroseorsodiumtoproduceanosmoticgradient,therebypullingexcesswaterfromthecirculatorysystem.Thisprocessoffluidmovingacrossasemipermeablemembrane

6、inrelationtoforcescreatedbyosmoticandhydrostaticpressuresiscalledultrafiltration.EXTRACORPOREALTHERAPIESHemodialysisandtheCRRTsuseanextracorporeal(outsidethebody)circuit.Therefore,theyrequireaccesstothepatient’scirculationandanticoagulationofthecircuit.AccesstoCircul

7、ationThethreemostcommonmethodsusedtoaccessapatient’scirculationarethroughavascularcatheter,anarteriovenousfistula,orasyntheticvasculargraft.PatientswhosuddenlyneedhemodialysisorCRRThaveavenouscatheter,whereaspatientsalreadyreceivingchronichemodialysisprobablyhaveeith

8、eranarteriovenousfistulaorasyntheticvasculargraft.NursinginterventionsforthePatientWithDialysisVascularAccessDual-LumenVenousCathet