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ID:20509034
大小:6.69 MB
页数:55页
时间:2018-10-13
《实验九裸子植物观察及植物 生殖器官形态描述课件》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、实验九、裸子植物观察及植物生殖器官形态描述lacksvesselsandsievetubes,justwithtracheids(管胞)andsievecells(筛胞).1)孢子体发达TheSporophyte(孢子体)(2n)isgianttreeswithcambium(形成层)andsecondarystructure(次生结构).1、ThePrincipalCharacteristicsofGymnospermPlants主要特征孢子体多为高大的多年生木本植物,单轴分枝。Sporophyteistheperennia
2、lwoodyplant,withamonopodialbranchingPinuspalustris长叶松雪松Cedrusdeodara马尾松PinusmassonianaSecondaryphloemResinducts树脂道SecondaryxylempithVascularcambiumStemstructureofPinus松属茎横切具维管形成层和次生结构;常具树脂道。2)Seedsnaked产生种子,但胚珠和种子裸露Pollenandseedsareproducedincones;Pollencones—TheStami
3、nateStrobilus(雄球花)Aunbranchedaxisbearsmicrosporophylls(小孢子叶)PinusradiataD.Don的小孢子叶球SporangiumSporophyllAxis雄球花(小孢子叶球)microsporophyllsisleaf-likestructuresthatbear2ormoreabaxialmicrosporangia(小孢子囊或花粉囊).雌球花(大孢子叶球)螺旋状聚生,腹面具1-多个胚珠Seedcone—ThePistillateStrobilus(雌球花)Thea
4、xisbearsbracts(苞鳞)andmegasporophylls(大孢子叶).Bract苞鳞OvuliferousScale珠鳞大孢子叶常变态为珠鳞(松柏类)、珠领(银杏)、珠托(红豆杉)、套被(罗汉松)和羽状大孢子叶(铁树)。Ovule胚珠Ovuliferousscale(珠鳞)Bract苞鳞珠鳞种鳞种鳞Pinus的大孢子叶球百山祖冷杉Abiesbeshanzuensis大孢子叶球3)Gametophyteisfurtherreduction.配子体进一步退化Thedevelopmentofmalegametophyte
5、Araucaria南洋杉属CupressusCedrusSporophyll(小孢子叶)Sporangium(小孢子囊)Microsporemothercellsundergomeiosisandformmicrospores(小孢子).Pinus雄配子体malegametophyte原叶细胞1小孢子(n)原叶细胞2胚性细胞精子器原始细胞小孢子母细胞(2n)管细胞生殖细胞雄配子体:2个退化原叶细胞、1个管细胞、1个生殖细胞(传粉后:柄细胞和精细胞)RDMicrosporewithtwoairbladdersBodycellGene
6、rativecellBodycell原叶细胞TubecellMicrosporedevelopsintoamalegametophyte(配子体)withfourcells.具有四个细胞的雄配子体Thisfour-celledpollengrain(四细胞花粉)istheimmaturemalegametophyte.Thegametophytesareshedfromthetreeaspollenandcarriedbywind;asmallpercentagelandinseedcones.four-celledPolleng
7、rainofPinus松的四细胞花粉Thedevelopmentoffemalegametophyte雌配子体的发育OvuleBractOvuliferousscaleMegasporemothercell大孢子母细胞雌配子体femalegametophyte大孢子母细胞(2n)RD颈卵器(2-7)大孢子(n)胚乳(n)雌配子体:颈卵器(2-7)和大量胚乳(n)颈卵器:4个颈细胞,1个腹沟细胞,1个卵细胞Themegasporemothercellundergoesmeiosis,withthreeoftheresultingce
8、llsdegeneratingandonlyonesurvivingasthemegaspore(大孢子).Themegasporegrowsintoalargecoenocytic(多核的)megagametophyte(雌配子体)byfreen
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