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1、2012年12月大学英语六级考试真题PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Amidallthejoblosses,there’sonecategoryofworkerthattheeconomicdisruptionhasbeengoodfor:nonhumans.Fromself-servicecheckoutlinesatthesupermarkettoindustrialrobotsarmedwithsawsandtaughtt
2、ocarveupanimalbodiesinslaughter-houses,theseever-more-intelligentmachinesarenownotjustassistingworkersbutactuallykickingthemoutoftheirjobs.Automationisn’tjustaffectingfactoryworkers,either.Somelawfirmsnowuseartificialintelligencesoftwaretoscanandreadmount
3、ainsoflegaldocuments,workthatpreviouslywasperformedbyhighly-paidhumanlawyers.“Robotscontinuetohaveanimpactonblue-collarjobs,andwhite-collarjobsareunderattackbymicroprocessors,”sayseconomicsprofessorEdwardLeamer.Therecessionpermanentlywipedout2.5millionjob
4、s.U.S.grossdomesticproducthasclimbedbacktopre-recessionlevels,meaningwe’reproducingasmuchasbefore,onlywith6%fewerworkers.Tobesure,roboticsarenottheonlyjobkillersoutthere,with outsourcing (外包)stealingfarmorejobsthanautomation. JeffBurnstein,presidentoft
5、heRoboticsIndustryAssociation,arguesthatrobotsactuallysaveU.S.jobs.Hislogic:companiesthatembraceautomationmightusefewerworkers,butthat’sstillbetterthanfiringeveryoneandmovingtheworkoverseas.It’snotthatrobotsarecheaperthanhumans,thoughoftentheyare.It’sthat
6、they’rebetter.“Insomecasesthequalityrequirementsaresoexactingthatevenifyouwantedtohaveahumandothejob,youcouldn’t,”Burnsteinsays.Samegoesforsurgeons,who’reusingroboticsystemstoperformanever-growinglistofoperations—notbecausethemachinessavemoneybutbecause,t
7、hankstothegreaterprecisionofrobots,thepatientsrecoverinlesstimeandhavefewercomplications,saysDr.MyriamCuret. Surgeonsmaysurvivetherobotinvasion,butothersatthehospitalmightnotbesolucky,asiRobot,makeroftheRoomba,arobotvacuumcleaner,hasbeenshowingoffAva,w
8、hichcouldbeusedasamessengerinahospital.Andonceyou’rehome,recovering,Avacouldletyoutalktoyourdoctor,sothere’snoneedtosendsomeonetoyourhouse.That“mobiletelepresence”couldbeusefulattheoffice.Ifyou’reawayona5trip,youcan
