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时间:2018-10-11
《美国合同法违约救济之期待利益及其限制》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、美国合同法违约救济之期待利益及其限制摘要:众所周知,美国合同法以保护合同当事方的期待利益为其首要目的;期待利益的计算,则采用“履行所需成本法”和“价值减损法”。同时合同纠纷的法律实践中,也逐步发展出了限制期待利益范围的数项原则,即可预见性原则、确定性原则和可避免之损失原则。本文通过对期待利益具体阐述及案例分析,瞥得美国合同法期待利益及其救济限制之一隅,揭示了美国合同法下的期待利益,仅仅为补偿性赔偿金而不带有任何惩罚性;而对期待利益的限制原则,则是为了确保了期待利益作为补偿性赔偿金的纯粹性。同时希冀对研究我国合同法“可得利益”保护的学者,本文能提供
2、参考价值。关键词:合同纠纷救济期待利益▲▲一、IntroductionWhilecontractsaretheveryfoundationofallcivilizedexistence,breachofcontractvirtuallyhauntseverycorneroftheworldthroughouthumanhistorydespitethefactthatanyviolationofacontractmaydeprivecertainpartiesinabrokendealoftheprofitsexpected.Thatiswher
3、etheremediesforbreachcamein,whichisintendedtoprotectthedamagedpartiesandtheirexpectationinterestbyrequestingtheperformanceofcontract,claimingformonetarydamagesandsoon.ThispaperistopresentasketchofwhatisexpectationinterestundertheAmericancontractlawanditslimitations,thusfurnis
4、hingsomereferencewhichmightcomeinhandywhereChinesescholarswanttostudytheUScontractlawindetail.▲▲二、ExpectationInterest(一)DefinitionExpectationinterestreferstotheextrainterestwhichanon-faultpartytoabreachedcontractwouldhavereceivedhadthecontractbeenperformed.(二)TheMeasurementof
5、ExpectationInterest1.GeneralPrinciplesItisnote-worthythatifthedefaulteventoccursbeforethevictimofcontactviolationtriestofulfillthecontractualobligationonhispart,thecostoftheunnecessaryexecutionofthecontractonthenon-faultpartshouldbesubtractedfromtheliquidateddamages,whichconf
6、ormstotheprincipleofcircumventingfurtheroravoidableloss.Thespecificwaysofcalculatingexpectationinterestareexpatiatedonasfollows.1.CostofCompletionWhenanyprojectorcontractisnotcompletedontime,thefurtheramountrequiredtofinishthetaskiscalledcostofcompletion.Acaseinpointisaboutan
7、engineeringconstructioncontract.Abuildingcontractorandtheproprietorsignedahousingconstructioncontractworth$700,000(includingthecostofmaterials).Thecontractorispaidbytheproprietoraccordingtotheconstructionprogress.Thecontractorrefusedorwasunabletocontinuethecontractafterhepart
8、iallyperformedthecontractandreceived$400,000fortheproject.Atthispoin
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