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1、Totalrevenue總收入TRTRQ0QMRARAR,MR0Averagerevenue平均收入TRTRQ0QMRARAR,MR0Marginalrevenue邊際收入TRTRQ0QMRARAR,MR0Perfectcompetition完全競爭PQd=MR=AR=PMCACAVCQ*0Profitmaximization利潤最大化PPQMCD=ARMR0MR=MC(profitmaximization)Deadweightloss無謂損失PQPmPcQmQcS=MCD=ARMR0Monopolyrent壟斷租PQPQMCD=A
2、RMR0AC’ACMonopoly壟斷PQPQMCD=ARMR0ACLawofdiminishingmarginalreturns邊際報酬遞減定律TPVariablefactor0AP,MP0VariablefactorTPSlope=MP=APTPmax.MPmax.APmax.APMPLawofdiminishingmarginalreturnsAverageproductcurve平均生產曲線TPVariablefactor0AP,MP0VariablefactorTPSlope=MP=APTPmax.MPmax.APmax.
3、APMPMarginalproductcurve邊際生產曲線TPVariablefactor0AP,MP0VariablefactorTPSlope=MP=APTPmax.MPmax.APmax.APMPTotalproductcurve總生產曲線TPVariablefactor0AP,MP0VariablefactorTPSlope=MP=APTPmax.MPmax.APmax.APMPTotalfixedcost總固定成本TC,TFC,TVCSlope=MC=ACTCTVCSlope=MC=AVCTFCOutputAC,AFC,
4、AVC,MC,MFC,MVCOutput00MC=MVCACAVCAFCMFC=0Totalvariablecost總可變成本TC,TFC,TVCSlope=MC=ACTCTVCSlope=MC=AVCTFCOutputAC,AFC,AVC,MC,MFC,MVCOutput00MC=MVCACAVCAFCMFC=0Totalcost總成本TC,TFC,TVCSlope=MC=ACTCTVCSlope=MC=AVCTFCOutputAC,AFC,AVC,MC,MFC,MVCOutput00MC=MVCACAVCAFCMFC=0Aver
5、agefixedcost平均固定成本TC,TFC,TVCSlope=MC=ACTCTVCSlope=MC=AVCTFCOutputAC,AFC,AVC,MC,MFC,MVCOutput00MC=MVCACAVCAFCMFC=0Averagevariablecost平均可變成本TC,TFC,TVCSlope=MC=ACTCTVCSlope=MC=AVCTFCOutputAC,AFC,AVC,MC,MFC,MVCOutput00MC=MVCACAVCAFCMFC=0Averagecost平均成本TC,TFC,TVCSlope=MC=AC
6、TCTVCSlope=MC=AVCTFCOutputAC,AFC,AVC,MC,MFC,MVCOutput00MC=MVCACAVCAFCMFC=0Marginalcost邊際成本TC,TFC,TVCSlope=MC=ACTCTVCSlope=MC=AVCTFCOutputAC,AFC,AVC,MC,MFC,MVCOutput00MC=MVCACAVCAFCMFC=0First-degreepricediscrimination一級價格分歧MCD=MUV=MRPQ0Third-degreepricediscrimination三級價
7、格分歧PPPQQQP1DAMRAMRBDBMRA+BDA+BPA0PBQAQBMarketAMarketBBothMarketsMCQLawofdemand需求定律ABDPQ0Lawofsupply供給定律SPQ0ABEquilibriumPrice均衡價格0PQSDPeSurplus盈餘0PQSDPeQeExcesssupplyShortage短缺0PQSDPeQeExcessdemandPriceceiling價格下限QPriceceilingPSDMarketPriceBlackmarketprice0Excessdemand
8、Pricefloor價格上限SD0LabourWagerateW1WeW0Q1Q2MinimumwageSurplusElasticdemand高彈性需求PQD0D’abMElasticDemandInelasticdemand低彈性
