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时间:2018-10-10
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1、PracticalEnglishCourseDepartmentofArchitecturalEngineeringElectronicCoursewarePracticalEnglish,BookIUnit1GrammarAndWritingGrammarWriting名词(Nouns)Grammar名词可以分为专有名词(ProperNouns)和普通名词(CommonNouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadnes
2、s等。普通名词又可分为下面四类:1)个体名词(IndividualNouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。2)集体名词(CollectiveNouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。3)物质名词(MaterialNouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。4)抽象名词(AbstractNouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。Nouns个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(CountableNouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Unc
3、ountableNouns)。归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:专有名词名词可数名词个体名词集体名词普通名词不可数名词物质名词抽象名词Nouns代词(Pronouns)代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词、不定代词和替代词十种。Grammar1.人称代词:I我you你he他she她they他们me我(宾格)you你(宾格)him他(宾格)her她(宾格)them他们(宾格)2.物主代词:
4、my我的his他的your你的(your你们的)their他们的her她的3.指示代词:this这that那these这些those那些4.反身代词:myself我自己himself他自己themselves他们自己5.疑问代词:who谁what什么which哪个6.不定代词:some一些many许多both两个;两个都7.关系代词:which……的物who……的人that……的人或物who谁that引导定语从句8.相互代词:eachother互相oneanother互相9.连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which
5、,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever10.替代词:one(单数),ones(复数)用于替代前面出现的同类事物PronounsExercisesI.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.1.Generallythereare_____televisionprogramsforchildrenonSaturday.A.littleB.muchC.alargenumberofD.alargeamountof2.Whentheyg
6、ottothelecture-room,therewere____left.A.onlyfewseatsB.averyfewseatsC.onlyafewseatsD.soafewseats3._____travelsfasterwhenthezipcodeisindicatedontheenvelope.A.AlittlemailB.ApieceofmailC.AmailD.Asmallmail4.TheDepartmentpurchased____toimprovetheworkingconditionsthere.A.anewe
7、quipmentB.anewpieceofequipmentC.newequipmentD.newpiecesofequipments5.Theboytriedhard,buttherehasbeen____inhiswork.A.littleimprovementB.alittleimprovementC.manyimprovementsD.fewimprovementExercises6.Thelargehousesarebeingpainted,but______.A.ofgreatexpenseB.atagreatexpen
8、seC.inalotofexpensesD.byhighexpense7.Theroomwassmallandcontainedfartoo______.A.muchnewfurnitureB.muchnewfurn
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