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1、ReferenceKeytoUnit8MainReadingVocabularyinContextDefinitions:32132131I.A1.Thedesignersneedtofocusmoreonthesmalldesignchangesthatcanmakealargeimpactimmediately.2.reduce,reuse,andrecycle.3.adesignapproachthatfocusesonaproduct’smaterialandenergyuse.4．Becauseitshard-wearingc
2、lothingandpracticalimagearewelcometotheyoungadultsfocusedonbasicvalues.5.BecausewiththefailureofSonyandHitachiwhichtrytocompeteagainsteachother,theyproposereducingfeaturesasawaytostandoutfromothersB.1.Thebenefitsofdownsizing:Thedownsizedproductsnotonlyexpendlessmaterial,
3、theyalsodecreaseshippingcostsandretailspace.2.Thebenefitsofreducingfeatures:Weareinfavorofeverydaynicetiessuchasone-touchuploading,single-handeduse,andpocketability.Reducingfeaturesalsoimprovestheabilitytorecycleaproduct.3.Thebenefitsofincreasinglongevity:Thedesignsincre
4、aseproductutilityandalleviatetheneedformultiplepurchasesandhelpmanufacturerssustainincomewithouthabitualreplacement.Higherprofitcouldbesought:II..A.1.“Forthatmatter,ittakestimefornew,greenermaterialstobecometrulyaffordable.2.Downscalinginvolvessmall,consistentimprovement
5、sacrossone(ormore)ofthreedimensions:size,features,andlongevity.3.Thesecondwaytodownscaleaproductistoreducefeatures.Mostcompaniesaddfeaturesasawaytostandoutfromtheircompetition4.Inthiscasethegoalistoreducetheproductreplacementcycle,orsimplystarted,tomakeaproductlastlonger
6、.5.Butnewstrategiescanhelpmanufacturerssustainincomewithouthabitualreplacement.B.havebeenadaptedcompensatecriterionhabitualcertifyenthusiastutility.alleviatecaptureaffordableRelatedReading:PreparetoRead：I.A.1.similarfeatures2.increase13.(ofapolicyorsituation)takeeffect,w
7、ithunpleasantconsequences4.tomanageadifficultexperiencewithoutbeingseriouslyharmed5.Topersuadesomeonetodo,haveorusesomething6.Alargeandlikelytocauseseriousdifficultyorharm7.Asuddenandcompletefailureofacompany,organization,orsystem.8.tobalancetheeffectofsomething,withther
8、esultthatthereisnoadvantageordisadvantageI.B.1．欧元区的经济衰退的前景似乎远远比乐观主义者们预期的要快。2．它在不到10年的时间就树立起与美元真正比肩的世界货币
