非谓语动词用法精讲-to_do (2)

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1、非谓语动词DOINGDONETODO非谓语动词动名词gerund不定式infinitive分词participle非谓语动词1．性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。2．形式不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语。分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语形成分主语定语宾语表语状语宾语补足语不定式过去分词××v-ing形式3．语态：必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词

2、的关系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。不定式TODO1．不定式作主语：1)changethefollowingintotheinfinitive1.______(die)forpeopleisagloriousthing.2.______(talk)withhimisagreatpleasure.3.______(help)othersisourduty.4.______(see)istobelieve.2)changethesentencesaboveintotheonesusing“it”asinformal.3)A:如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加一个由fo

3、r引起的短语。Itiseasyforthestudentstoread.Itwillbeamistakeforustohelpyou.在"Itis+形容词+ofsb+不定式"结构中，形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征，如kind,silly,good,unwise,clever,wrong,right,foolish,stupid,careless,rude,impolite,bold,thoughtful,honest,bad,sensible,naughty等。在“Itis+形容词+forsb+不定式”结构中，形容词通常表示事物的性质，如important,possible,impo

4、ssible,necessary,difficult,hard,reasonable等。Itis+形容词+for/ofsb+不定式结构2．不定式作表语1.Herworkis______(look)afterthechildren.2.Myaimis______(go)toTsinghuaUniversity.3.Sheseemed______(think)abouttheproblem.3．不定式作宾语：有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常见的动词有：want,demand,like,hate,hope,begin,seem,fail,help,offer,manage,pretend,

5、forget,remember,promise,prepare,learn,expect,agree,determine,prefer,intend,etc.Theywanted______(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?Hesaidhewished______(be)aprofessor.Iagreed______(go)therewiththedoctor.Mydaughterpreferred______(dance)whenshewasinhertwenties.Hehadpromised______(give)meahand.比　较一般说来，动词-ing形

6、式表示一般性、习惯性的动作，或抽象性的动作，时间概念不强。而动词不定式表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。Smokingisforbiddenhere.(泛指)It‘snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.(具体)Theypreferstayingindoorswhentheweatheriscold.天冷时他们喜欢呆在室内。(泛指)Wouldyouprefertostayathomethisevening?今晚你想待在家里吗？(具体)Ilikesinging,butIdon'tliketosingthisnight.4.不定式作宾语补足语A)1.

7、Ididn’twantmyparents______(help)me.2.We’dpreferyou_______(take)thejobinsteadofZhang.3.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom______(clean).4.Myparentsexpectme_______(go)toaidealuniversity.5.Joanpromisedthedinner______(cook)beforewereturne