资源描述：
《腹膜炎、腹腔脓肿课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ACUTEABSCESSEPERITONITISAnatomyandPhysiologyofthePeritonealCavityTheperitonealcavityiscoveredbyasinglelayerofmesothelialcellsonconnectivetissue,includingcollagen,elasticfibers,macrophages,andfatcells.AnatomyandPhysiologyofthePeritonealCavityTheparietalperitoneu
2、m,whichcoverstheabdominalcavity,includingtheanteriorabdominalwall,diaphragm,andpelvis,isimmediatelyadjacenttoandreinforcedbythetransversalisfascia.Thevisceralperitoneumcoversalltheintraperitonealviscera,creatingacompletelyenclosedcavityexceptfortheopenendsofthe
3、fallopiantubes.Theparietalperitoneumisinnervatedbybothsomaticandvisceralafferentnerves.Theperitoneumoftheanteriorabdominalwallistheareamostsensitivetostimuli,andthepelvicperitoneumisthearealeastsensitive.AnatomyandPhysiologyofthePeritonealCavityPatientswithabdo
4、minalpainmayshowtendernesstopalpationoftheabdomen;andifperitonealirritationexists,theyhavereboundtenderness.Localizedinflammationoftheanteriorparietalperitoneummayleadtovoluntarymuscleguarding.Thevisceralperitoneumisrelativelyinsensitiveandreceivesafferentinner
5、vationonlyfromtheautonomicnervoussystem.Stimulifromthevisceralperitoneumareoftenpoorlylocalizedandareperceivedasdullorintermittentcramping.AnatomyandPhysiologyofthePeritonealCavityThevisceralafferentnerveshavenoreceptorstomediatepainandtemperaturebutdorespondto
6、distention,traction,andpressure.Thebiliarytractandmesenteryhavegreaterinnervationthanthesmallintestine.Thus,painfromthegallbladderandcommonductismoreaccuratelylocalizedthanthatfromthesmallintestine.AcuteGeneralizedPeritonitis1.Definition:Acuteabscessperitonitis
7、pervadedallperitonealcavityiscalledacutegeneralizedperitonitis(AGP).Peritonitis,classifiedasprimaryorspontaneousperitonitisandsecondaryperitonitis.2.EtiologySecondarydefuseperitonitis(themostcommon)①Acuteperforationofgastricandduodenalulcer②Gallbladderperforati
8、onfollowingacutecholecystitis③Traumaticruptureofintestineandbladder④Severeacuteappendicitisandpancreatitis⑤AnastomoticleakagefollowingoperationPrimarydefuseperitonitis1.Thro
