信息过滤(information filtering)综述

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1、信息过滤(InformationFiltering,IF)综述中科院计算所软件室王斌wangbin@ict.ac.cn2001.12.10主要内容IF的基本概念IF系统的分类IF系统的组成IF系统的评估IF的现状及发展趋势一、基本概念定义IF定义：从动态的信息流中将满足用户兴趣的信息挑选出来，用户的兴趣一般在较长一段时间内不会改变(静态)。SelectiveDisseminationofInformation(SDI)，来自图书馆领域。Routing，来自MessageUnderstanding。Curre

2、ntAwareness,DataMiningIFvsIR/分类/IEIF&IR：广义地讲，IF是IR的一部分Database动态，需求静态；Database静态，需求静态UserProfilevsQueryIF用户要对系统有所了解，IR不需要。IF要涉及到用户建模/个人隐私等社会问题IF&CategorizationCategorization中的Category不会经常改变。相对而言，UserProfile会动态变化IF&IEIF关心相关性，IE只关心抽取的那些部分，不管相关性IFapplications

3、InternetSearchResultsFilterPersonalEmailFilterListServer/NewsgroupFilterBrowserFilterFilterforchildrenFilterforcustomers:recommendation二、IF分类体系IF分类示意图InitiativeofoperationActiveIFsystemsCollectandsendrelevantinfotousersPushtousersInfooverload,somakeaccurat

4、euserprofilePassiveIFsystemsNotcollectinfoforusersEmailorUsenetnewsLocationofoperationAttheinfosourcePostprofilestoinfoproviderClippingserviceUsuallypayfeeAtafilteringserverInfoprovidersendinfotoserverServedistributedinfotousersAttheusersiteLocalfilterings

5、ystemSuchasoutlook&NetscapeEmail&FoxmailFilteringapproachCognitivefilteringContent-basedfilteringDocumentcontentvsuserprofilesSociologicalfilteringCollaborativefiltering,orproperties-basedfilteringSimilaritybetweenusersRecommendationsystemsUsermodeling&Use

6、rclusteringComplementforcontent-basedsystemsMethodsofacquiringknowledgeaboutusersExplicitapproachUserinterrogationFillingformsImplicitapproachRecordinguserbehaviorTime/times/context/activity(save/discard/print/browsing/click)/etc.Explicit&ImplicitapproachD

7、ocumentspace(case-based)Stereotypicinference(predefineddefaultprofile,thenchangeduringscanning)三、IF系统的组成一般组成(d)LearningComponentUserInformationProvider(b)FilteringComponent(a)DataAnalyzerComponent(c)User-ModelComponentupdatesfeedbackrelevantdataitemsrepres

8、enteddataitemsdataitemspersonaldetailsuserprofileData-analyzercomponentBeclosetotheinfoproviderObtainorcollectdatafromtheinfoproviderAnalyze&representdocuments(suchasBooleanModel,VSM,etc)Passtherepresentation