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1、《大学英语写作》孔蓓蓓WinonaKongSchoolofForeignStudiesUnitFiveCoherenceofparagraphs篇章的连贯ModelarticlereadingPassage1“NerdsandGeeks”Passage2:“TheManontheStreetandtheMenontheMoon”Passage3:“Ourchanginglifestyle：TrendsandFads”“NerdsandGeeks”关键词重复nerd，anti-intellectualvalue,anti-intellectualism同义关系笼统具体的关系过渡段上下义关系首
2、尾句呼应“TheManontheStreetandtheMenontheMoon”Readthepassagefor5minutes.同义词关键词重复中心思想串联“Ourchanginglifestyle：TrendsandFads”Readitfor3minutes.找出各段主题句笼统和具体思想解释NerdsandGeeks首尾句呼应主题句关联中心思想串联TheManontheStreetandtheMenontheMoon段与段之间的连贯Coherenceindiscourse过渡段的使用Ourchanginglifestyle：TrendsandFads词汇的变化词汇的变化如果说写作
3、的初级阶段还只是要求语法结构没有错误，用词基本正确，而写作的更好要求则不只是看你能否表达，而是看你能否表达得更生动、耐读、有效、地道。词语的变化是提高作文质量的关键。要避免用词重复。几种语义关系同义词近义词派生词上下义词具体与笼统关系同义结构1同义词词语变化最多的是借用同义词。lack,absence;Gifted,bright;Imagine,visualize想象；Fault,defects,weaknesses缺点；Lookfor,discover寻找；Instillin,imbuewith灌输；Children,offspring孩子；Provide,furnish提供；Alarg
4、eportionof,bounteoussourceof,many常用同义词替换表2.近义词3派生词Themorepeoplearejammedtogether,themorehostileandirrationaltheybecome.Suchirrationalityisevidencedinthehighercrimerates,thegeneralimpersonalityandlackofcommunityinlargecities.Andpeopleneedrecreationalspace,too,especiallyiftheyliveandworkincrampedqua
5、rters.Yetrecreationalareas–beaches,campinggrounds,nationalparks,skiresorts,andthelike—arealreadycrowdedwithpeople.同义词：jammed-cramped-crowded近义词:space-quarters-areas派生词:irrational-irrationalityArrogant-arrogantly-arroganceLeadership-leadersSimple-simplifiers4.上下义关系上义doctorthegirl下义physician,surgeon
6、Mary,Linda5具体与笼统关系这种关系和上下义关系有点相同，但不同的是，笼统词比上义词更广泛。具体和笼统的关系是相对而言的。6同义结构通过不同的结构（往往是短语）来表达同一个相似的意思。Thenuclearbomb–thebomb–thethingDespitethis,manycentralcityareashaveexperiencedadecreaseinpopulationsincethemid-1960s,assuburbsgrew.Thislossisnottheresultofpeople’sreturningtoliveonfarmsorinvillages.This
7、loss笼统急需掌握的表达viewn.Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewson…viewv.Peopleview….differently.锻炼身体WorkoutParticipateinsports比较正规，有几个人一起，有规则noquestionincommonwithParticularsRealpeopleandrealstories毫无疑问有共同点具体情况真人真事Recogniza
