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1、TechnologyGuide5InformationTechnologyForManagement4thEditionTurban,McLean,WetherbeLectureSlidesbyA.Lekacos,StonyBrookUniversityJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.TheInternetandtheWeb1TechnologyGuide5TheInternetARPAnet(AdvanceResearchProjectAgency)1969forDODDefenserelatedcompanies&univ
2、ersities1970’sTCP/IPbecamethestandardduringthe1970’s(Unix)Mostcompanies&universities1980’sAllconnectednetworksbecameTCP/IPbasedduring80’sNSFin19866–SupercomputersasthebackboneIndividualuserswereallowedaccessin1992TheInternet(“theNet”)isanetworkthatconnectshundredsoftho
3、usandsofinternalorganizationalcomputernetworksworldwide.Participatingcomputersystems,callednodes,includePCs,localareanetworks,databases,andmainframes.Anodemayincludeseveralnetworksofanorganization,possiblyconnectedbyawideareanetwork.Themainnetworkthatlinksthenodesisref
4、erredtoasthebackbone,afiber-opticnetworkcurrentlyoperatedmainlybytelecommunicationscompanies.2TechnologyGuide5Next-GenerationInternetInternet2isacollaborativeefforttodevelopadvancedInternettechnologiesandapplications.TheprimarygoalsofInternet2aretocreatealeading-edgene
5、tworkcapabilitytoenablerevolutionaryInternetapplications;andensuretherapidtransferofnewnetworkservicesandapplications.ItwillusepartofvBNSasabackboneforprovidinghigh-speedconnectivity.Very-high-speedBackboneNetworkService(vBNS)isahigh-speednetworkdesignedtosupporttheInt
6、ernet2andthegovernment-sponsoredNext-GenerationInternet(NGI)initiativeTCP/IPbecamethestandardduringthe1970’s(Unix).ThebroadgoalsoftheNGIinitiativearetoresearchanddevelopadvancedend-to-endnetworkingtechnologies,focusingprimarilyonreliability,robustness,security,qualityo
7、fserviceguaranteesformulticastingandvideo,andbandwidthallocation.Inotherwords,theNGIinitiativeaimstocreateanInternetthatisfast,alwayson,everywhere,natural,intelligent,easy,andtrusted.3TechnologyGuide5InternetCharacteristicsAccessingtheInternetConnectingviaLANserverConn
8、ectingviaseriallineinternetprotocol/point-to-pointprotocol(slip/ppp)ConnectingviaanonlineserviceUsingtheTVasachannelt
