英美概况英国政体

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1、ChapterNinePoliticalSystemofBritain6/26/20211ContentsConstitutionalMonarchyBritishParliamentBritishGovernmentBritishJudicialBody6/26/20212ConstitutionalMonarchyWhatisConstitutionalMonarchy?DevelopmentofConstitutionalMonarchyTheRightandRoleoftheMonarc

2、hElizabethIIandHerRoyalFamily6/26/20213Thepowerofthemonarchislimitedbythecountry'sconstitution,thelegalauthorityisgiventoparliament,andtheexecutiveauthoritytothegovernment.6/26/20214Anglo-SaxonskingstheGreatCouncil(410-1066)NormankingsWithouttheGreat

3、Council(1066-1215)MaganaCharta(1215)LimitationoftheKing’spowerfirstparliamentofnobles(1264)evolutionofconstitutionGloriousRevolution(1688)MorepowerfuloftheparliamentWeakeningoftheMonarch6/26/20215TheRightoftheMonarchKingorQueenHeadoflegislature,execu

4、tive,judiciaryHeadofStateCommander-in-chiefofallarmedforcesAppointmentofOfficialsHeadoftheChurchofEnglandandScotland6/26/20216TheRoleoftheMonarchThemonarchisthepersonalembodimentoftheBritishgovernmentandaofBritishunity,representingthecontinuityofthew

5、holepoliticalsystem.SothestabilityoftheBritishgovernmentowesmuchtothemonarchy.symbol6/26/20217SuccessionoftheMonarchActofSettlementSonhasprecedenceoverdaughters.Daughterstaketheprecedenceoverthebrotherofthemonarchy.6/26/20218theeldestsonwifeoftheelde

6、stsontheeldestdaughterhusbandofthequeenPrinceofWalesPrincessofWalesRoyalPrincessDukeofEdinburgh6/26/20219QueenElizabethIIHertitleintheUnitedKingdomis"ElizabeththeSecond,bytheGraceofGodoftheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandandHerOtherRealm

7、sandTerritories,Queen,HeadoftheCommonwealth,DefenderoftheFaith.伊莉莎白二世，她的全称是“伊丽莎白二世天佑大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国以及她的其他所属领土女王、英联邦元首、英国国教首领”6/26/2021106/26/202111BuckinghamPalace6/26/2021126/26/2021136/26/2021146/26/2021146/26/202115TheRoyalFamily6/26/202116QueenEliz

8、abethⅡThePrincePhilip,DukeofEdinburghPrinceCharlesPrinceAndrewPrinceEdwardPrincessAnnePrinceWilliamPrinceHarryTheRoyalFamily6/26/202117QueenElizabethIIbeingCrownedin1952oneofthelongest-reigningmonarchsinBritishhistorywidelyrespectedforthewayinwhichsh