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1、摘要电镀是当今全球三大污染工业之一。电镀废水的成分常常是同时含有多种污染物,其中有毒有害的物质有铬、镍、氰化物、铜等。本设计中废水进水水量水质为:含氰废水Q=8m3/d,平均每小时排放量1.0m3,氰化物浓度为1.03-8.5mg/L,其废水中还含有OH-和少量Cu2+离子;含铬废水Q=8m3/d,平均每小时排放量1.0m3,六价铬浓度为6.08-12.1mg/L,其废水中还含有H+离子;综合废水Q=4m3/d,平均每小时排放量0.5m3,pH=6.5-7.9,其废水中含有H+、OH-和少量的C
2、u2+和Ni2+离子。综合该厂的废水水质水量特点,决定按照“分类收集、分类处理”的原则,采用“化学法+一步净化器”的“间歇式”处理方法,并在固液分离后调节废水pH值,以保证达到排放标准。本处理站的总投资为41.58万元,年运行费用为5.54万元,处理单位水量的成本为7.6元/m3。经处理后可使电镀废水达标排放,同时具有良好的社会效益和环境效益。关键词:电镀废水;化学法;一步净化器;间歇式;小流量IITheprojectdesignforelectroplatingwastewateroftheG
3、uilin5718factoryStudent:RENShi-biaoTeacher:ZHUYi-nianAbstract:Electroplatingindustryisoneofthethreeseriouspollutingindustryintheworld.Therearemanykindsofpollutantsintheelectroplatingwastewater,containingthetoxicandharmfulsubstances,suchasCr6+,Ni2+,CN
4、-,Cu2+etc.Inthisdesign,thequantityandtheeffluent-qualityofthewastewaterareasfollows.Wastewatercontainingcyanide:8m3/dor1.0m3/h,[CN-]=(1.03-8.5)mg/L,withasmallnumberofCu2+andOH-init;Wastewatercontainingchromium:Q=8m3/dor1.0m3/h,[Cr6+]=(6.08-12.1)mg/L,
5、withasmallnumberofH+init;Integratedwastewater:Q=4m3/dor0.5m3/h,pH=6.5-7.9,withsomeH+/OH-andasmallnumberofCu2+andNi2+init.Consideringthewastewaterqualityandquantitycharacteristics,thedesignchoosestheintermittent“chemicaltreatment+steppurifier”asthetre
6、atmentofthewastewaterinaccordancewiththeprincipleofcollecting&treatingseparately.Andafterthesolid-liquidseparationadjustthepHvalueofwastewatertoensurethatemissionstandard.Theeffluentwillaccordwiththenationalfirstambienteffluentqualitystandardofthefir
7、standthesecondpolluents.Theoverallcostoftheplantis415,800yuan,andtheoperatingchargeisabout55,400yuanperyear.Thecostofthistreatmentisabout7.6yuan/m3.Theresultofthistreatmentwillaccordtotheeffluent-qualitystandard,andithasagoodsocialandenvironmentalben
8、efits.Keywords:electroplatingwastewater;chemicaltreatment;steppurifier;intermittently;smallflowII目次摘要IAbstractII1引言11.1电镀与电镀废水11.1.1电镀及电镀废水来源11.1.2电镀废水的性质和危害11.2我国电镀污染现状31.3电镀废水处理技术综述31.3.1物理方法41.3.2化学方法41.3.3物理化学方法61.3.4生物处理方法71.4设计的主要内容和范围91.4.1设计的