第9天精讲阅读真题译文与词汇笔记

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1、2012年暑期考研英语基础班精讲阅读真题译文与词汇（9）第九讲、标点符号在阅读中的作用（1）微观阅读中的技巧—标点符号在阅读中的作用1.标点符号在阅读中的作用：①句号。分割句子，以句号为单位，把段分隔成块，逐个击破。②逗号。在两个逗号中间是一个补充说明成分时，在阅读过程中可以先跳过去不读。③冒号。冒号的后面进一步补充说明前面的内容，冒号的前后有一个从抽象到具体的过程。④分号。并列结构：1）语意上的并列；2）结构上的并列。分号前意思简单，易理解，分号后的意思复杂，不用读就可知道其意义与分号前一样。2）结构上的并列⑤破折号。两个破折号之间是补充说明成分，在阅读中

2、可以先不读。⑥引号。引用和讽刺两种作用：⑴引用某人的观点（是支持还是反对）；⑵用来反讽，讽刺。引用的目的：不论是正面还是反面引述都是为了说明核心概念、中心思想，否则就没有意义。2）反讽、讽刺⑦括号。两种作用：1）补充说明；2）解释生词。【真题精讲】98年Passage1Fewcreationsofbigtechnologycapturetheimaginationlikegiantdams.Perhapsitishumankind'slongsufferingatthemercyoffloodanddroughtthatmakestheidealofforc

3、ingthewaterstodoourbiddingsofascinating.Buttobefascinatedisalso,sometimes,tobeblind.Severalgiantdamprojectsthreatentodomoreharmthangood.Thelessonfromdamsisthatbigisnotalwaysbeautiful.Itdoesn'thelpthatbuildingabig,powerfuldamhasbecomeasymbolofachievementfornationsandpeoplestrivingto

4、assertthemselves.Egypt'sleadershipintheArabworldwascementedbytheAswanHighDam.Turkey'sbidforFirstWorldstatusincludesthegiantAtaturkDam.Butbigdamstendnottoworkasintended.TheAswanDam,forexample,stoppedtheNilefloodingbutdeprivedEgyptofthefertilesiltthatfloodsleft—allinreturnforagiantre

5、servoirofdiseasewhichisnowsofullofsiltthatitbarelygenerateselectricity.Andyet,themythofcontrollingthewaterspersists.Thisweek,intheheartofcivilizedEurope,SlovaksandHungariansstoppedjustshortofsendinginthetroopsintheircontentionoveradamontheDanube.Thehugecomplexwillprobablyhaveallthe

6、usualproblemsofbigdams.ButSlovakiaisbiddingforindependencefromtheCzechs,andnowneedsadamtoproveitself.Meanwhile,inIndia,theWorldBankhasgiventhego-aheadtotheevenmorewrong-headedNarmadaDam.Andthebankhasdonethiseventhoughitsadvisorssaythedamwillcausehardshipforthepowerlessandenvironmen

7、taldestruction.Thebenefitsareforthepowerful,buttheyarefarfromguaranteed.Proper,scientificstudyoftheimpactsofdamsandofthecostandbenefitsofcontrollingwatercanhelptoresolvetheseconflicts.Hydroelectricpowerandfloodcontrolandirrigationarepossiblewithoutbuildingmonsterdams.Butwhenyouared

8、ealingwithmyths,itishardto