used in migraine用于偏头痛的药物课件

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1、DRUGSUSEDINMIGRAINEMd.AmranHowladerMigraineisaneurologicalsyndromethatcancauseawiderangeofsymptomsduringanattack.Themostcommonlythoughtofsymptomisheadache.Itiswidespreadinthepopulation.IntheU.S.,18%ofwomenand6%ofmenreporthavinghadatleastonemigraineepisodeinthepreviousyear,withseriousnessrangingf

2、romanannoyancetoalife-threateningand/ordailyexperience.OverviewUsuallymigrainecausesepisodesofsevereormoderateheadache(whichisoftenone-sidedandpulsating)lastingfromfourto72hours,accompaniedbygastrointestinalupsets,suchasnauseaandvomiting,andaheightenedsensitivitytobrightlights(photophobia)andnoi

3、se(phonophobia).Approximatelyonethirdofpeoplewhoexperiencemigrainegetaprecedingaura,inwhichapatientsensesastrangelightorunpleasantsmell.ThewordmigraineisFrenchinoriginandcomesfromtheGreekhemicrania,asdoestheOldEnglishtermmegrim.Literally,hemicraniameans"half(the)head".Migraines'secondarycharacte

4、risticsareinconsistent.Triggersprecipitatingaparticularepisodeofmigrainevarywidely.Theefficacyofthesimplesttreatment,applyingwarmthorcoolnesstotheaffectedareaofthehead,variesbetweenpersons,sometimesworseningthemigraine.Aparticularmigrainerescuedrugmaysometimesworkandsometimesnotworkinthesamepati

5、ent.Somemigrainetypesdon'thavepainormaymanifestsymptomsinpartsofthebodyotherthanthehead.Availableevidencesuggeststhatmigrainepainisonesymptomofseveraltomanydisordersoftheserotonergiccontrolsystem,adualhormone-neurotransmitterwithnumeroustypesofreceptors.Twodisorders—classicmigrainewithaura(MA,ST

6、G)andcommonmigrainewithoutaura(MO,STG)—havebeenshowntohaveageneticfactor.Studiesontwinsshowthatgeneshavea60to65%influenceonthedevelopmentofmigraine.Additionalmigrainetypesaresuspectedandcouldbeproventobegenetic.Migraineunderstoodasseveralormanydisorderscouldexplaintheinconsistencies,especiallyif

7、asinglepatienthasmorethanonegenetictype.ClassificationMigraineshavebeenclassifiedbytheInternationalHeadacheSocietywhichperiodicallyrevisestheirclassification.DefiningseverityofpainInadditiontoclassifyingthetypeofheadache,the