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1、第五册Unit101.JohnDeweyhassaidinallseriousnessthatthepartplayedbycustominshapingthebehaviouroftheindividualasoveragainstanywayinwhichhecanaffecttraditionalcustom,isastheproportionofthetotalvocabularyofhismothertongueoveragainstthosewordsofhisownbabytalkthataretakenupint
2、othevernacularofhisfamily.答案：JohnDeweyhaspointedoutseriouslythathowfarasocialhabitcanimpactanindividualbehaviorascomparedwithhowfaranindividualbehaviourcanimpactasocialhabitcanbelikenedtohowfaranativelanguagecanaffecttheentirevocabularyofafamilydialectascomparedwithh
3、owfartheentirevocabularyofafamilydialectcanaffectanativelanguage.2.Whenoneseriouslystudiesthesocialordersthathavehadtheopportunitytodevelopautonomously,thefigurebecomesnomorethananexactandmatter-of-factobservation.答案：Theresultfromaseriousstudyofvariousculturesthatare
4、allowedtogrowwithnoinfluencefromoutsideprovestobeincompleteconformitywiththereality.3.Anthropologywasbydefinitionimpossibleaslongasthesedistinctionsbetweenourselvesandtheprimitive,ourselvesandthebarbarian,ourselvesandthepagan,heldswayoverpeople’sminds.答案：Noscientific
5、studyofpeopleandtheirculturescanbeexpectedtoachieveanyfruitfulend,wherewestillstronglybelievethatoursissuperiortoothercultures,whichwehavetraditionallyconsideredasunderdeveloped,uncivilizedorirreligious.4.Itwasnecessarytorecognizethattheseinstitutionswhicharebasedont
6、hesamepremises,letussaythesupernatural,mustbeconsideredtogether,ourownamongtherest.答案：Weshouldacceptthatthesecultures,whicharelikeourscreatedbyGod,mustbetreadedasequalstoourowncultureandincludedinourstudyofsocialcustoms.Unit111.Upaboveme,Iknew,wereunselfishnessesofth
7、espirit,cleanandnoblethinking,keenintellectualliving.答案：Ibelievedthatinasocietyhighabovemelivedthosewhoselfless,noble-mindedandwell-cultivated.2.Butitisnotparticularlyeasyforonetoclimbupoutoftheworking-class-especiallyifheishandicappedbythepossessionofidealsandillusi
8、ons.答案：Butitissurelydifficultforaman,especiallyonefullofobjectivesandimaginationinlife,tohavehisworkingclassstatuschanged.3.Ihadthe
