张世鸿,张千策,韩豫萍_有机磷农药在土壤中降解转化的研究进展

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1、有机磷农药在土壤中降解转化的研究进展张世鸿1张千策1*韩豫萍2（1.云南大学化学科学与工程学院昆明650091；2.云南大学城市建设与管理学院昆明650091）摘要有机磷农药的大量使用所造成的严重土壤污染是目前农业亟待解决的问题之一。本文对吸附水解、光催化降解及生物降解三方面的国内外研究现状及其相关领域的研究进展进行了较全面系统的评述。并在此基础上提出当前研究中存在的不足,包括有机磷吸附水解两种模式作用机理尚不完全明确且研究较少,非二氧化钛光催化降解及多元素掺杂催化剂方面国内尚属空白，微生物催化降解有机磷农药中真菌类研究缺乏等问题。针对这些问题,本文提出通过细胞工程中原生质融合技术、基因工程中

2、基因重组技术等方法分离、筛选高产量、高效率分解有机磷微生物，及基因组数据库联用检索降磷酶基因等研究思路，并指出未来可能研究方向。关键词有机磷农药土壤吸附水解光催化降解生物降解中图分类号：X592文献标识码:AResearchprogressonthedegradationprocessoforganophosphoruspesticidesinsoilZHANGShi-Hong1,ZHANGQian-Ce1*,HANYu-Ping2（1.SchoolofChemicalScienceandTechnology,YunnanUniversity,Kunming650091,China;2.Sch

3、oolofUrbanConstructionandManagement,YunnanUniversity,Kunming650091,China）AbstractEnvironmentalpollutioninagriculture,whichiscausedbytheheavyutilizationoforganophosphoruspesticides,hasbeenoneofthekeyproblemstobesolvedurgently.Organophosphoruspesticideresiduesremaininginsoilmaypollutecropsnotsprayedon

4、withpesticides,whichmightdoharmtohealthofhumanbeingthroughoutthefoodchain,aswellasbringalongwithabarriertotheexportofagriculturalproducts.Inthisarticle,thestudyoftheabsorption-catalytical，photocatalyticalandmicrobialdegradationoforganophosphoruspesticidesinsoilissummarized,andthemechanismofdegradati

5、onprocesstogetherwithrelatedresearchprogressareintroduced.Subsequently,deficienciesinpreviousstudiesarepointed.Suchasthemechanismofthetwotypesofhydrolysisoforganophosphoruspesticidesinsoilisseldomstudiedwhilestillremainsunclear.Inaddition,theblankofphotocatalyticdegradationwithmulti-elementdopedorca

6、talystexceptTiO2demandstobefilledup.Futhermore,researchesonmicrobialdegradationoforganophosphoruspesticidesalwaysignoresthestudyoffungi.Therefore,thosemethodsasfollowedaresuggested:theprotoplastfusiontechnologyofcellengineering,therecombinantDNAtechnologyofgeneticengineering,aswellasgenomicdatabases

7、shouldbereferredto,inordertodiscoverhigh-yieldandefficientmicro-organismsforthedegradationoforganicphosphorus.Thus,thepossiblefuturedirectionsinthisfieldaresuggested.KeywordsOrganophosphoruspesticides