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1、摘要水面垃圾自动打捞船针对水面环境污染的问题,主要致力于中小型湖泊河流等水域的固体垃圾清理,如塑料袋、饮料瓶,树枝树叶以及其它易清理的水面垃圾。实现水面垃圾清理的机械化与自动化,整个打捞过程无需人工参与,安全性非常好,效率大约是人工打捞的几百倍,水面越大、风浪越大效果越显著。本文主要对水面垃圾自动打捞船进行了船体结构、动力装置、打捞及传输装置、垃圾存储装置以及其他零部件的设计、计算及校核等。分析了水面垃圾自动打捞船需要实现的功能要求,在实际环境背景下,研究了水面垃圾自动打捞船的系统构成及功能、各零部件的的设计方法以及系统的实现方式。此设计除了动力装置与其他船类大体相似
2、,实现打捞和传输的装置以及垃圾存储装置都有一定的创新性设计。采用链齿轮与链条的传动带动传输带的形式,以及船体前方挡板引导装置和叶轮的设计都使得水面垃圾的收集更加有效率。此外,垃圾存储装置采用的是三个可替换式的存储箱,其底部设计为多孔式,使得水面垃圾的收集更加方便,可执行性有所加强。本文还附有部分水面垃圾收集船的结构图,装配图,零件图,以便详细的说明设计过程。关键字:水面垃圾自动打捞船环境保护结构设计AbstractAnautonomousshipforcleaningthegarbagefloatingonalakeisdesignedforthewaterpollu
3、tionproblems,mainlytosolidwasteonsmallandmediumsizedlakes,riversandotherwaters,suchasplasticbags,bottles,leaves,twigs,andothersurfacetrashwhichiseasytoclean.Toachievecleanthewatergarbagemechanizedandautomatically,theentiresalvageprocesswithouthumanintervention,securityisverygood,efficie
4、ncyisabouthundredsoftimesthanartificialsalvage.Thegreaterthesurfaceandmoresignificantstorms,thegreatertheeffectis.Thisessayfocusesonthedesign,computingandcheckingofhullstructure,powerplant,salvageandtransportequipment,garbagestoragedevicesandothercomponentsoftheanautonomousship.Inthecas
5、eoftheunderstandingoftheresultsofthedesignrequiredtoachievethefunctionalrequirements,aswellastheactualenvironmentalbackgroundtostudythedesignofthestructureandfunctionofthewatergarbagesweepersystem.Thispowerplantdesigninadditiontotheotherboatclassesaregenerallysimilar.Andgarbagestoragede
6、vices,thedevicetoachievesalvageandtransporthavesomeinnovativedesigns.Formofthesprocketsandthechaintransmissionisdrivenbyatransmissionbelt,andthehullinfrontofthebafflemeansandtheguidesurfaceoftheimpelleraredesignedsothatgarbagecollectionmoreefficient.Inaddition,garbagestoragedeviceusesth
7、reereplaceablestoragetank,thebottomisdesignedtoporoussurfacegarbagecollectionmoreconvenient,enforceabilityhasbeenstrengthened.Thisarticleisalsoappendthestructureandassemblydrawings,partsdiagramoftheautonomousshipforcleaningthegarbagefloatingonalakeforadetaileddescriptionofthede