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1、高考英语词汇总结 一、从用法上复习归纳词汇,过语法关 英语词汇大多具有本身词义外,还有其语法功能,我们在复习时就不要把着眼点单纯放在单词记忆上,而要从它们的语法功能上去把握它们。如在复习动词时我们就要根据它们变化形式多、搭配活跃等特点,从它们的用法上进行分类记忆。这样,既可记住词汇,又可攻克语法难关。 1.宾语不同,意义也不同 英语中有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语,但意义不同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主要有: goondoing(继续干同一件事)goontodo(接着去干另一件事)
2、 stopdoingsth.(停止正在干的事)stoptodosth.(停下来去干某事) regretdoing(后悔干了某事)regrettodo(相当于besorrytodo) forget/rememberdoing(忘记/记得已做过的事)forget/rem-embertodo(忘记/记得要干的事) meandoing(意味着干…)meantodo(想干…)trydoing(尝试做)trytodo(设法做) (95高考)"Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsa
3、tthemeeting.""Well,nowIregret________that." A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone (92高考)"Iusuallygotherebytrain.""Whynot____________byboatforachange?" A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing (87高考)Theywouldnotallowhim_________acrosstheline.A.
4、toriskgoingB.riskinggoingC.forrisktogoD.riskgoing 2.都可接宾语和宾补,形式却不同 某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词,但接宾补时,宾补要用不定式。如:Weforbidsmokinghere.(宾语)Weforbidyoutosmokehere.(宾补)Youareforbiddentosmokehere.(主补) 3.宾语不同、语态不同,意义却相同 有些词如nee
5、d,require,want,deserve等后可接不定式(要用被动形式),可接动名词(要用主动形式表被动意义),可与worth,worthy一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。如:Theroomrequirestobecleaned/cleaning. (85高考)Thissentenceneeds______________.A.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improved 4.只接不定式作宾语的词和词组 只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有:decide,expect,r
6、efuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,seem,makeupone'smind,used,beabout,beable,have等。如:(89高考)Shepretended_______mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen 5.只接动名词作宾语的词和词组 只接动名词作宾语的词和词组:mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,sug
7、gest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,feellike,lookforwardto,can'thelp,keep(on),miss,beusedto,excuse,beworth,imagine,putoff,giveup等。如: (92高考)Iwouldappreciate_________backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.youarecalling (87高考)Thesquirrelwaslu
8、ckythatitjustmissed______.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch 6.系动词 系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语,这类词有: 表感观的系动词:look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear(这些词用形容词作表语) 表变化的系动词:become,get,turn,grow,m