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1、Meth-methylmethanemethanolmethanal（formaldehyde）甲甲基甲烷甲醇甲醛Eth-ethylethaneethene(=ethylene)ethanol(=alcohol)乙乙基乙烷乙烯乙醇Ethanal（=acetaldehyde）ethyne（=ethine，acetylene）乙醛乙炔Prop-propylpropanepropenepropanolpropanal丙丙基丙烷丙烯丙醇丙醛propanone(=acetone)propyne丙酮丙炔But-（丁）butyl（丁基）butane（丁烷）bu
2、tene（丁烯）butanol（丁醇）butanal（丁醛）butanone（丁酮）butynePent-（戊）pentyl（戊基）pentane（戊烷）pentene（戊烯）pentanol（戊醇）pentanal（戊醛）pentanonepentyneHex-（己）hexylhexanehexenehenanolhexanalhexanonehexynehexose（己糖）Hept-（庚）heptylheptane…….Oct-（辛）octyloctane….Non-（壬）nonyl（壬基）nonanenonene……Deca-（癸）decy
3、l（癸基）decane（癸烷）decene(=decylene)表示数量关系的前缀1)表示“单一”，“一”mono-,mon-,monotone(单调)，monopoly,monarchuni-,un-,uniform,unicellular(单细胞)2)表示“二，两，双”ambi-,ambiguous,amphibian(两栖类)bi-,bin-bicycle,di-,diode(二级管)，twi-,twilight3)表示“十,十分之一”deca,deco-,dec-decade,deci-,decimals4)表示"百，百分子一"hecto
4、-,hect-,hectometer,centi-,centimeter5)表示"千，千分子一”kilo-,kilometermilli-,milliliter6)表示"万，万分子一”myria-,myri-,myriametremega-,meg-,megabytemicro-,microvolt(微伏特)7)表示"许多，复，多数”multi-,mult-,multimeter(万用表)poly-,polysyllable,8)表示“半，一半”hemi-,hemispheredemi-,demiofficialsemi-,semiconduct
5、or,semitransparentpene-,pen-,peninsulahydro-hydrophobic疏水的hydrophilic亲水的hydroxyl-烷alkane：-ane,alko- ethane乙烷 methane甲烷 alkylation烷基化acylate酰化烯alkene：-ene leukotriene白三烯环cycle：cyclo- cyclophoaphamide环磷酰胺苯benzene醇alcohol：-ol cholesterol胆固醇 methanol甲醇 mannitol甘露醇 ethanol乙醇酚pheno
6、l：pheno-,-ol醛aldehyde：-aldehyde,-al formaldehyde甲醛 acetaldehyde乙醛酮ketone：-one,keto- acetone丙酮 corticosterone皮质酮酯ester：estero-,-ide triglyceride甘油三酸酯胺amine：-amine dopamine多巴胺 catecholamine儿茶酚胺 蛋白protein：proteino- proteinase蛋白酶肽peptide：peptido- peptidase肽酶酶enzyme：enzymo-;zymo-;
7、-ase enzymology kinase激酶 enzymatic酶的糖sugar,saccharide：saccharo-;-ose polysaccharide多糖 monosaccharide;monose单糖 glucose葡萄糖 fructose果糖 mannose甘露糖盐salt：-ate phosphate磷酸盐 acetate醋酸盐alkaloid生物碱,chromosomemethanekinasephosphatelidocaineleukotrikenetriglycerideacetoneribosemannitolan
8、tibioticdiarrheasclerosishematuriapsoriasisnausea恶心diarrhea腹泻vomitin
