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2012年杭州中考英语题目解析四、单项填空（共15小题，计15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。16.Thephonetictranscriptionfortheword“said”is_______.A./si:d/B./sed/C./seid/D./said/解析：考查语音。动词say的过去式（分词）的发音，应选B。17.Theywanttheirdaughtertogoto_______university,buttheyalsowanthertoget________summerjob.A.不填；aB.the;aC.an;aD.a;the解析：考查冠词用法。“上大学”是固定搭配，应为gotouniversity,抽象意义上的。第一次提到job，此处应用不定冠词a。应选A。18.Youlookworried!Is________allright?A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing解析：考查不定代词的用法。everything表所有的、一切的事情。此处用于口语中，表示“一切都好吗？或一切都进展的顺利吗？应选A。19.Wehavetwoearsandonemouthsothatwecanlisten__________wespeak.A.astwicemuchasB.twiceasmuchasC.asmuchastwiceD.asmuchtwiceas解析：考查倍数的表达方法。应用倍数+as+adj/adv原级+as的句式，应选B。20.Itisreallycooltorealizeyourdream__________greateffort.A.throughB.ofC.tillD.about解析：考查介词的用法。throughgreateffort表示“经过许多努力”。应选A。21.Hefailedinthemathtestandlookssad.Let’s__________.A.puthimupB.sethimupC.cheerhimupD.cleanhimup解析：考查动词词组词义辨析。Cheersbup表示“鼓励某人，为某人打气、加油”。应选C。22.You________beserious!You’reactuallygoingtolendhimmoneyagain?A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t解析：考查情态动词。根据题意，此处的意思为“你没开玩笑吧？！”，用can’t表示吃惊、惊讶、不相信等语气，较强烈。应选B。23.Youmakelunch,________I’lltakecareofthebaby.A.butB.orC.forD.and解析：考查并列连词and.祈使句+连词+一般将来时的句子。应选D。24.–Doyouconsideryourselfasarudeperson?-_________not.Ialwayshavegoodmanners. A.ProbablyB.UsuallyC.GenerallyD.Certainly解析：考查副词辨析。certainlynot此处表示强烈的，完全的否定，意思为“不可能，当然不是”。应选D。25.Mark_________inChinafor10yearsandnowheteachesChineseinBritain.A.hasworkedB.workedC.hadworkedD.isworking解析：考查动词时态。由“nowheteachesChineseinBritain”可得知他现在已不在中国，work的动作完整地发生在过去，故用一般过去时，应选B。26.–Couldyoutellme_________?-Ofcourse.A.where’sthereagoodplacetoeatB.wherethere’sagoodplacetoeatC.whereisagoodplacetoeatD.whereagoodplaceistoeat解析：考查宾语从句的语序。当宾语从句是疑问句时，疑问句要改为陈述语序，此处选B。27.Mommakesmeeatanappleeveryday__________thedoctoraway.A.keepsB.iskeptC.tokeepD.kept解析：考查非谓语动词中的动词不定式。tokeepthedoctoraway表示的是目的，“为了远离医生”。应选C.28.Peoplewhoeatabalanceddietshouldbehealthierthanthosewhoonlyeatbiscuitsandhamburgers,__________?A.don’ttheyB.dotheyC.shouldn’ttheyD.shouldthey解析：考查反意疑问句。此题须注意有二个干扰的定语从句。前面的谓语部分为shouldbe，后面应用shouldn’t.应选C。29.It’syour_________asateachertoprotectyourstudents.A.dutyB.hobbyC.habitD.manner解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据题意，此处用“责任”duty。应选A。30.–On,no!Thereisn’tanysugarleft.--_________.I’llbuysomewhenIgointotown.A.GoodideaB.NotatallC.GoaheadD.Nevermind解析：考查情景交际。根据上下文语境，nevermind此处表示“不要紧，没关系。”五、完形填空（共15小题，计15分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后再各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。Ihadsaidgoodbyetomyhusband,Joe,sooften,butthistimewas__31__.Wenowhadourfirstchild.Afternightsoftalks,wemadethedifficult__32__thatJoewouldgobyhimselftoAlabamaforthesix-monthtrainingcourse,andIwouldstaybehindwithournewson.ItwasimportantthatI__33__myteachingpositionnearourhomeatFortHood.Alsowewerepartofastrongnetworkoffriends__34__Icouldturntoforhelp.OnJoe's__35__eveningathome,IbathedlittleJoey,gothimintohissleeperandwas headingtothebedroomwhenJoegentlytouched__36__ontheshoulder.Liftingthebabyfrommyarms,hesaidhewantedtoputJoeytobedtonight.Theyheadeddownthehall,andIbusiedmyselfwithmeaninglesstasks,__37__Joetoturnupfromthebedroomwithinafewminutes.Ahalfhourwentby,and__38__hehadnotcomeback.Thinkinghewashaving__39__gettingoursontofallasleep,Iwalkedquietlytothebaby'sroomand__40__intothedimly-lit（灯光暗淡的）room.Sittingintherockingchair,movingslowlybackandforth,wasmyhusbandwith__41__inhiseyes.Hewasholdingourbabyinhisarms__42__hehadfallenasleeplongbefore.Whenhispainedeyesmetmine,hesaid,"Ijustcan'tputhimdown."ThatnightwestoodoverJoey'sbed,holdingeachotherandsayingoverandoverthatwewouldmakeitthroughthisleavingandbe__43__againsoon.Joeyissixnow,andhehasafour-year-oldbrothernamedJack.Therehavebeenmanygoodbyes__44__thatnight,yetmysoldierstillfightsbacktearswhenit'stimeto__45__onceagaininservicetohiscountryandgivehisboysthatlast,longhuggoodbye.31.A.dangerousB.differentC.impossibleD.terrible32.A.promiseB.wishC.suggestionD.decision33.A.missB.keepC.getD.accept34.A.whomB.whoseC.whichD.what35.A.firstB.nextC.otherD.Last36.A.usB.themC.meD.her37.A.expectingB.rememberingC.agreeingD.allowing38.A.againB.stillC.thenD.ever39.A.excuseB.funC.troubleD.chance40.A.movedB.talkedC.turnedD.looked41.A.colorsB.tearsC.joysD.fears42.A.eventhoughB.asifC.sothatD.nowthat43.A.sureB.proudC.aloneD.together44.A.onB.forC.sinceD.through45.A.visitB.sleepC.leaveD.play完形填空是一篇记叙文，描写了一位西方军嫂与丈夫离别的动人场面和细节，对人们的心灵极具震撼力。解析：31.考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文语境，此处应填different，应选B。32.考查名词词义辨析。makeadecision表示“做决定”，应选D。33.考查动词，根据前句可知，此处应指“妻子继续做教师”，keep合适，应选B。34.考查定语从句关系代词。从此句中可知，先行词是friends，turntosb.forhelp指“向某人寻求帮助”，此处用作turnto的宾语，指人，应选A。35.考查指示代词，根据上下文语境，此处应指“最后一个晚上”，应选D。36.考查人称代词。此处指“我”，应用宾格me，应选C。37.考查动词词义辨析。expectsb.todosth.为“期盼某人做某事”，故选A。38.考查副词。根据语境，此处表示“仍然，仍旧”，应选B。39.考查固定搭配和名词词义辨析。havetrouble(in)doingsth.表示“做某事有困难”，应选C。 40.考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境，lookinto表示“朝……里看”，应选D。41.考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的painedeyes可知，此处应选tears，故选B。42.考查连词辨析。eventhough此处表示“尽管”，asif表示“好像”，sothat表示“为的是，目的是……”，nowthat表示“既然”，根据前后句意，应选A。43.考查词义辨析。此处应该表示“团聚”，together比较合适，应选D。44.考查介词词义辨析。根据时态和句意，此处应选since，故选C。45.考查动词词义辨析。此处指“离开”，故选C。六、阅读理解（共15小题，计30分。其中第一节10小题，计20分；第二节5小题，计10分）A篇此篇阅读为一篇社区物业管理告示，为应用文体，除了第一题，其余均可从文中直接找到答案。Allresidents:RulesforlivinginParkriseFlatsWeallwanttolivecomfortablyandsafelyhere,sohereareafewsimpleruleswhichwethinkallresidentsshouldfollow.RubbishRubbishcollectionisonTuesdays.PleasedonotleaverubbishbagsoutbeforeTuesdayasbirdsandanimalscanbreakintothemandtheysmell.WashingThereisawashinglineforeveryflatinthegardennexttothecarpark.Pleaseonlydryyourwashingontheselinessoitdoesnotdisturb（干扰）peopleinthegroundfloorflats.CleaningThemainstairsarecleanedtwiceaweekbytheAssociation,sopleasetrytokeepthemtidyandcleananddonotleavefurnitureorbagsonthestairsorinthehallways.LightsThemainlightsareonatimerandtheystayonforfiveminuteswheyyoupressthem.PleasetelltheAssociationifanylightsarenotworking.NoiseResidentsareaskedtokeepnoisetoaminimum.Loudmusic,etc.candisturbotherpeopleandtheAssociationwillgetintouchwithyouifyoumaketoomuchnoise.SafetyMakesurethemainoutsidedoorisalwayslockedanddonotletanyoneintothemainbuildingunlessyouknowwhotheyare.Sometimespeopletrytogetintothemainstairsandthenbreakintoflats,sodonotletpeopleinunlesstheyarecomingtoseeyou.ParkingEachflathasonecarparkingspace.Thesearenumberedandareatthebackofthebuilding.Do notuseanotherresident'sspace.Ifyouhavemorethanonecaryouwillhavetoparkitontheroad.Donotparkwhereyouareblockingentrances.ProblemsIfyouhaveanyproblemsorquestions,pleasecalltheAssociationat08000969000.ParkriseHousingAssociation31.What'sthepurposeofthetext?A.TolisttheservicesofferedbytheAssociation.B.Tomakeanadvertisementfortheflats.C.Toasktheresidentstofollowtherules.D.Towarnpeopleagainstpossibledangers.解析：考查作者的写作意图。根据告示的主标题我们可以推断出，此篇的写作目的是为了让居民遵守这些规定，故选C。32.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisdoneonceaweek?A.Rubbishcollections.B.Dryingthewashing.C.Cleaningthemainstairs.D.Changingthelights.解析：考查信息筛选。从rubbish一栏不难得知，一周做一次的为扔垃圾。答案为A。33.Peopleshoulddrytheirwashingonthewatchinglines______.A.atthecarparkB.inthegroundfloorflatsC.inthehallwaysD.inthegarden解析：考查信息筛选。从Washing一栏第一句可得知，washingline应位于garden里面，应选D。34.TheAssociationwilltalkwithyouif______.A.lightsarenotworkingB.youmaketoomuchnoiseC.youletstrangepeopleinD.youparkyourcarontheroad解析：考查信息筛选。从noise一栏中的第二句可得知，应选B。35.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat______.A.peopleshouldleavethebrokenchairsonthestairsB.theAssociationisalwaysreadytohelptheresidentsC.onecanparkthecaratanynumberedparkingspaceD.thelightswillbeonwheneveryoupassthemainstairs解析：考查推理判断。综合全文来看，从cleaning一栏得知A选项不正确；由parking一栏得知C不正确；由lights一栏得知D不正确。因此答案为B。 B篇此篇为记叙文。讲述的是作者和朋友一起听鸟儿晨鸣，但文中含有关于鸟鸣的一些科普知识。It'sveryearlyinthemorningandI'msittingoutside.It'salsoverycoldanddark.WithmeisJimNightingale,andheisthereasonI'mupsoearly.Hepassesmeahotcupofcoffee."Notlongtowaitnow,"hesays.Ihopehe'sright.Afterafewminutesthereisaveryweaklightintheeast,andthenIhearabirdsinging.Itsingsveryloudandveryclear."That'stherobin（知更鸟）,"saysJim.AfewmorebirdsstartsingingwiththerobinandJimknowsthenamesofthemtoo.Halfanhourlater,therearemoreandmorebirdssinging,andit'sveryloud!Suddenly,allaroundustheairisfullofthesoundofbirdsong.Thisisthedawnchorus（晨鸣）,andit'sbeautiful."Wow,thisisamazing!"ItellJim,whoissmiling."Isthereadawnchoruseverymorning?""Birdscansinganytimeoftheyearbutthebesttimeistheendofwinterandduringthespring.Thisiswhenthebirdssingmost.""Really?So,whydotheysing?"Iask."Well,therearetworeasons,"explainsJim."Mostofthesongbirdswhosingaremales.Theywanttofindafemale（雌性）sotheysingtoshowhowstrongtheyare.Thefemaleslistenandchoosethebestsinger!Thebirdsalsosingtotellothermalestogoaway.Theyneedtheirownarea;theydon'tlikesharingwithanothermale."Ilistentothebirds;thesongsseemtoomuchtome."Dothebirdssingaspecialsonginthemorning?""That'sagoodquestion,"repliedJim."Thesuccessfulbirdshavemanykindsofcallsandsongs.Sometimestheycopythesongsofotherbirds.Thismakesitsoundliketherearemanybirdsinthatplacealreadyandothermalesstayaway.Alsothefemalelikessongswithdifferentnotes.Somebirds,forexampletheEuropeanwren,havesongsthatcontainover700differentnotesperminute!"So,howdoesJimknowsomuchaboutbirds?Well,heworksasavolunteerfortheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofBirds.Heistryingtohelpthebirdsliveinthemodernworld."Moreandmoreofthebirds'habitatdisappearseveryyear.Thesparrow,forexample,wasaverycommonbirdintheUK,nowit'sindanger."Bynowthesunisupandthebirdsarequiet.It'slightsotheycanstartlookingforfood,theyneedabigbreakfastafterallthatsinging.31.Whydoesthewritergetupearlyinthemorning?A.Tovisitherfriend.B.Todrinkhotcoffee.C.Toseedifferentbirds.D.Tohearbirdssing.解析：考查学生对文章细节的观察和理解能力。根据前两段我们就不难得出作者早起的原因是为了和朋友一起听鸟儿的晨鸣。故选D。32.Whenyouhearabirdsinginthemorning,it'smostprobably______.A.arobinB.asparrowC.amalebirdD.afemalebird解析：考查学生对文章细节的观察和理解能力。根据第六段mostofthesongbirdswhosingaremales这一句我们可以得知答案选C。 31.Abirdsingsearlyinthemorningmainly______.A.tocallafemale'sattentionB.tofightwithothermalesC.tofindaplacetoliveinD.tostartlookingforfood解析：考查学生对文章细节的观察和理解能力。根据第六段第二句Theywanttofindafemalesotheysingtoshowhowstrongtheyare可知，本题答案为A。32.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Atfirstthewriterishappytobeupsoearlyinthemorning.B.Malebirdshavetheirownwaysoffoolingotherbirds.C.It'seasierforthebirdstofindfoodearlyinthemorning.D.JimhasajobwiththeRoyalSocietyfortheProtecitonofBirds.解析：考查学生对文章细节的理解和判断能力。从第一段作者的一些描述（心理等）方面的句子可知作者是不太情愿起个大早的，故A选项不正确；C项文中并没有确切地提及；从倒数第二段heworksasavolunteer可得知D项描述不准确。答案为B。33.Thetextismainlyabout______.A.therobin'ssongsB.thebirds'habitatC.whybirdssingD.howtoprotectbirds解析：考查文章的主旨大意。此篇文章中较大的篇幅都在描述鸟儿唱歌的原因，故选C。第二节：请仔细阅读第56-60题中各自的写作要求，从A-F六个写作话题中为各位选出符合要求的最佳选项，其中一项为多余选项。此题考查学生在理解文本的基础上，结合所给的概念图获取信息、分析信息的能力。56.Isabel:Listthefoodsservedontheschoollunchmenuforoneday.Tellwhyyouthinkthatgroupoffoodswaschosen.Thenwriteapassageaboutyourfavoriteschoollunch.Tellwhyitisyourfavorite.解析：从本段的主要信息可以知道，本题与学生的饮食有关，应属于社会科学范畴，故选E。57.Michael:Watchanatureorwildlifeprogramontelevision.Takenotesasyouwatch.Thinkaboutwhatyou'velearned.Writeapassageofinformationtellingaboutthesubjectoftheprogram.解析：从本段的nature，wildlife可以知道，本题与science相关，故选F。58.Sarah:Whatisyourfavoritesportsactivity?Thinkofreasonswhyotherswouldenjoyittoo.Doesitdevelopyourskills?Doesitteachteamwork?Whyisitfun?Writeapassagethatwilladviseanotherpersontotrytheactivity.解析：从本段的sportsactivity可以知道，本题与physicaleducation相关，故选A。59.Alan:Musicisenjoyable.Itcanalsoexciteyourimagination.Listentoapieceofmusicthatyoulike.Doesitcreateanypicturesinyourmind?Doesitcarryyouawaytoanotherplace?Tellwhatyoucanseeandhearinyourimagination. 从本段的music可以知道，本题与finearts相关，故选B。60.Ricky:Sometimesittakesseveralstepstosolveamathproblem.Thinkofaproblemthatyouhavesolved.Youmighthaveworkedouthowmuchmoneyyouwouldhaveleftafterbuyingsomethings.Nowtellotherpeoplewhatstepstotaketosolvetheproblem.解析：从本段的math可以知道，本题与mathematics相关，故选D。七、词语填空（共10小题，计10分）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯（每个单词限用一次）。exampletheynobodycorrectusualreachbuildsoifnext“Logicisthescienceofthinking.”Isaid,clearingmythroat.“Beforewethink____61____,wemustlearntotellthecommonfallacies(谬误)oflogic.Thesewewilltakeuptonight.”“Wow!”shecried,clappingherhandshappily.Iwentbravelyon.“FirstletusexaminethefallacyofUnqualifiedGeneralization(绝对判断).Foeexample,Exerciseisgood,_____62______everybodyshouldexercise.”“Iagree,”saidPollyseriously.“Imeanexerciseiswonderful.Imeanit_____63____thebodyandeverything.”“Polly,”Isaidgently,“itisafallacy.ExerciseisgoodisanUnqualifiedGeneralization.Forexample,____64____youhaveheartdisease,exerciseisbad,notgood.Manypeopleareorderedby_____65____doctorsnottoexercise.Youmustsayexerciseis____66____good,orexerciseisgoodformostpeople.Ifnot,youhavemadethefallacyofUnqualifiedGeneralization.”“_____67____wetakeupafallacycalledHastyGeneralization(草率结论).Listencarefully.Youcan’tspeakFrench.Ican’tspeakFrench.Petercan’tspeakFrench.Imustthereforeconcludethat____68_____atthisschoolcanspeakFrench.”“Really?”saidPolly,surprised.“Polly,”Isaidcalmly,”it’safallacy.Theconclusionis____69____toohurriedly.Therearetoofew_____70____tosupportsuchaconclusion.”解析：本题的文本为一个普及逻辑学知识的故事片段，对学生的语言能力和思辨能力有较高的要求。主要测试学生根据语篇内容和汉语提示正确拼写单词的能力。61.think是个动词，应该用副词修饰，答案为correctly。62.前后两句是因果关系，故填写so起连接作用。63.buildthe body指强健体格，需注意，此处主语为it，动词build需用单数第三人称的形式，故答案为builds。64.条件状语从句中需要使用连接词if表示如果，故填if。65.此处应填写形容词性物主代词，意思是“他们的”，所以，此处应当用they的形容词性物主代词their。66.形容词good前应当用副词修饰，故此处填usual的副词usually。67.此处应填副词，表示次序，“接下来”，故填next。68.根据语境，此处应填不定代词nobody，表示没有人，故填nobody。69.此处是被动语态，选用reach的过去分词形式，故填reached。70.根据空前的few可知，此处应填可数名词的复数形式，故填examples。八、单词拼写（共10小题，计10分）根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的完全形式（每空限填一词）。71.–Whendidyoub_______tostudyEnglish?--Sevenyearsago.72.F________intheblankswiththecorrectwords.Thenlistenagainandcheckyouranswers.73.Ifyoucanswima________theriver,I’llbewaitingforyouontheotherside.74.Tom,yourclothesared______.You’dbetterwashthem.75.Iwasb_______in1997.I’mfifteennow.76.-Whatdoyouwanttobeinthef________?-Iwanttobecomeateacher.77.Ac_________isapieceofequipmentusedfortakingphotographs.78.Thenicedresswasboughtbymyuncleasabirthdayp_________.79.You’ved_________somuchwine.Youmustn’tdrive.80.He’spooratspelling.Hemadealotofspellingm__________inhiswriting.解析：本题主要测试学生对单词及词组意思的理解及运用能力。71.begin。begintodosth.表示开始做某事。72.fill。fillintheblanks表示填空。73.across。swimacrosstheriver表示从河岸的一边游到另一边。74.dirty。根据后面的动词wash可推断出衣服是脏的。75.born。beborn指出生。76.future。固定搭配，指将来。77.camera。从后面的takephotographs可得知，此处应填camera。78.present。生日礼物是birthdaypresent。79.drunk。drinkwine是“喝酒”的意思，此处是现在完成时，应当用过去分词drunk。80.mistakes。拼写错误应为spellingmistake，根据前面的alotof推断，应用复数形式mistakes。九、书面表达（共1题，计15分）解析：此篇书面表达要求考生根据笔友电子邮件中对这两天的考试情况以及暑假安排的提问来写封回信，内容包括回答问候、考试情况、昨天感受、暑期安排及开学准备，是每个学生都已经经历、正在经历和将要经历的内容，语境设计真实，让每位考生都有自己的话可说，突出语言的开放性和交际性。 纳思教育研究院初中英语教研组2012年6月
