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1、南华大学外国语学院毕业论文1IntroductionLanguageisoneofthedecisivefactorsthatenablemandifferentfromotheranimalstoliveonearth.Withoutlanguagewecannotlearn,andsolveproblems.Anysimpletasksrequirelanguage.Withoutlanguageitisdifficulttorefertoanythingawayfromusinspaceandtime.Languageal
2、lowshumanbeingstoadapttochangingcircumstancesfarmorequicklythanwouldbeachievedbyevolution.Humanlanguageisinfinitelyversatile.Honeybeeshavearemarkablewayoflettingothersknowthedirectioninwhichasourceofnectarliesandhowfarawayitisbymeansofa"dance",buttheycouldnotbegintod
3、iscussthemeritsofotherfoodstuffsoralternativewaysofconstructingtheirhomes.Inshort,thenatureandthedominanceofthewayoflifethatthehumanracepossessesaredueinverylargeparttothefactthathumanbeingscanspeak.Sincewehaveseenthesignificanceoflanguage,then,howmightwedefineit?Ane
4、arlierAmericanlinguist,EdwardSapir,givesadefinition.Hesupportsthehypothesisthatlanguagerelatestocommunicationbetweenhumanbeings.Tohimlanguagedoesnotincludesuchinstinctiveformsofcommunicationassmilingandcriesofpain.HisdefinitionthatLanguageisapurelyhumanandnon-instinc
5、tivemethodofcommunicatingideas,emotions,anddesiresbymeansofasystemofvoluntarilyproducedsymbols.ForcomparisonwemaylookatadefinitiongivenbyamodernBritishlinguist,DavidCrystal,whowrotethefollowing:``Thediscussionmaybesummarizedbyreferringtolanguageashumanvocalnoise(orth
6、egraphicrepresentationofthisnoiseinwriting)usedsystematicallyandconventionallybyacommunityforpurposeofcommunication."Thusthisdefinitionalsoproposescommunicationastheprincipalfunctionoflanguage.Whatitdoesnotdoistheattempttospecifywhatiscommunicated.2LiteratureRelevanc
7、eThetheoryofthispaperismainlyaboutthedefinitionandthefunctionofthe第16页共16页南华大学外国语学院毕业论文context,andits'influencesontranslation.Tofinishthispaper,Newmark,Peter'stheoryandNidaEugeneA.'sonthedefinitionandthefunctionofthecontext,andthetheoryofthecontext'sinfluencesontrans
8、lationofYemiao,Yuejinsheng,Zhangpeijigavemeagreathelp.Weshouldfirstunderstandthemeaningofthecontext,generallyspeaking,itcanbeunders
