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1、Treatingherpeszosterandpostherpeticneuralgia:Anevidence-basedapproachUniversityofRochesterSchoolofMedicineandDentistry,Rochester,NYAnnie.Philip,MBBS以证据为基础的方法治疗带状疱疹和带状疱疹后遗神经痛罗切斯特大学医学院和牙科,罗切斯特,纽约安妮·菲利普,医学学士Postherpeticneuralgia(PHN)isamanagementchallenge—becauseofitsse
2、verity,longduration,andpotentialfordebilitation,ofteninthehighlyvulnerableelderlypopulation.带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)是一个治疗的挑战,因为其严重程度、持续时间长、和常常潜伏在免疫力低下的老年人口中。And,asthemostcommoncomplicationofanacuteepisodeofherpeszoster(shingles)inanimmunocompetentperson,PHNislikelynostrangerto
3、yourpractice.而且,在具有免疫力的人中,作为急性带状疱疹(带状疱疹)最常见的并发症,在你的临床实践中疱疹后神经痛并不少见。Herpeszosterisoneofthemostcommonneurologicalproblems,withanincidenceofupto1millionnewcasesperyearintheUnitedStates.AlthoughtheprecisenumberfortheprevalenceofPHNintheUnitedStatesisunknown,investigators
4、estimateitat500,000to1million带状疱疹是一种最常见的神经系统的疾病,在美国,其发病率高达每年100万新增病例。虽然疱疹后神经痛患病率的确切数目在美国是未知的,但调查人员估计在50万-100万。Majorrisk factorsfordevelopmentofPHNafteranepisodeofherpeszosterinclude:•olderage•greateracutepainduringherpeszoster•greaterseverityofrash带状疱疹发生后,发展为带状疱疹后
5、遗神经痛的主要危险因素包括:年龄带状疱疹期更严重的疼痛更严重的皮疹PHNiscommonlydefinedas“dermatomalpainthatpersists120daysormoreaftertheonsetofrash.”5ThepainofPHNhasbeencharacterizedasastimulus-dependentcontinuousburning,throbbing,orepisodicsharpelectricshock-likesensation6andasastimulus-dependentta
6、ctileallodynia(ie,painafternormallynonpainfulstimulus)andhyperalgesia(exaggeratedresponsetoapainfulstimulus).带状疱疹后遗神经痛通常定义为:“皮区出现皮疹后疼痛持续120天或更久。带状疱疹后遗神经痛的特点是:连续的烧灼感、闪电痛、触摸痛(即是无痛刺激后的疼痛)和痛觉超敏(疼痛刺激的放大反应)Inaddition,somepatientsexperiencemyofascialpainsecondarytoexcessive
7、muscleguarding.Chronicprurituscanbepresent.此外,有些病人的经验肌筋膜疼痛继发过度肌肉防御,可以产生慢性瘙痒。Morethan90%ofpatientswhohavePHNhaveallodynia,7whichtendstooccurinareaswheresensationisrelativelypreserved.Patientsalsofeelspontaneouspaininareaswheresensationislostorimpaired.带状疱疹后遗神经痛患者超过90%
8、有触摸痛,这往往发生在感觉相对保存的地方。在感觉丧失或受损的地方,患者也有自发性疼痛。Inthisarticle,wereviewtheevidencefortherangeoftreatmentsforacuteherpeszosterandPHN,aswel