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1、PresentationfortheInternationalStoneworkSymposium2011January2011Compiled&PresentedbyPeggyB.PerazzoPowerPointPresentationbyPatPerazzoStoneQuarriesandBeyondWebsiteCaliforniaIndiansPriortotheMissionsQuarryingandWorkingSteatiteattheSantaCatalinaIslandQuarry(“Mines
2、andQuarriesoftheIndiansofCalifornia,”1944)RaymondGraniteDimensionStoneQuarry,MaderaCountyIntroductionForthispresentation,TomasLippsaskedmetocoverhistoryofquarryinginCaliforniabeginningwiththeCaliforniaIndiansupthroughpresentdayquarrying.Asyoumaybeaware,myhusbandPa
3、tandImaintainawebsiteonstonequarriesandrelatedsubjects.Ourwebsitefocusesmainlyonthequarriesbeginninginthemid-1800supthroughtheearly1900sandincludessomepresent-dayquarriesaswell.So,lookingbackattheCaliforniaIndians’quarryingandthepresent-dayindustrywerebothrelative
4、lynewtimeperiodsforme–andthatturnedouttobeveryinterestingandmanytimesinterconnected.Ihavenoformalgeologicaltraining,somyperspectiveisusuallyfromahistoricalviewpoint.MinesandQuarriesoftheIndiansofCaliforniaIfoundthatthemainsourceforveryearlyCaliforniaIndianquarries
5、isthebook,MinesandQuarriesoftheIndiansofCalifornia,1byRobertF.HeizerandAdanE.Treganzaoriginallypublishedin1944.Accordingtothisbook,theCaliforniaIndiansgatheredandquarriedrocksandmineralsforbothindustrialandornamentalpurposes.About142aboriginalmineorquarrysitesares
6、hownonMap6fromtheabove-citedbook.ForsomeareasofCalifornia,suchastheSantaCatalinaIslandsinLosAngelesCounty,thereisagreatdealofinformationabouttheIndianquarriesandminesthatareavailablebothintextsandontheInternet.ThematerialsusedbytheCaliforniaIndiansweremainlystone,
7、wood,bone,pottery,andskin.Theyneverdevelopedtheuseofmetalssuchasgold.IftheCalifornianIndianshadvaluedgold,thehistoryofCaliforniawouldhaveturnedoutverydifferentlythanitdidbecausewhentheMexicansandSpaniardscametoCalifornia,theymighthavediscoveredthegoldminesthatwere
8、laterdiscoveredfirstininfamous1848goldrush.4Themostimportantfunctionofthequarries“wastosupplymaterialsfortheimplementsandtoolstobeusedtosecuresubsistenc