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1、TheLongmen-GrottoesLadiesandgentlemen,welcometoLuoyang!Firstallowmemakeaself-introduction.MynameisXiWenhuan,andmyEnglishnameisHilary.YoucanjustcallmeHilary.IamfromLuoyangSanxingInternationalTravelService.Onbehalfofthetravelagencyandmycolleagues,I’dliketoextendawarm-heartedwe
2、lcometoallofyou.Iwilltrymybesttomakeyourvisitsmooth.Haveyoueverheardofthethreegreattreasurehousesofstonesculpture?Andhaveyouseenanyofthem?Ok,accordingtotheschedule,thismorningI’llshowyouoneofthem.ItisnamedtheLongmen-grottoes,inLuoyang.BeforewegetthereI’dliketogiveyouanintrod
3、uctiontotheLongmen-grottoes.Ihopeyou’llenjoyit.NowLet’sstartwiththegeneralsituation.Well,around13kmsouthofLuoyang,therearetwopicturesquehillsconfrontingeachotherwiththeYiRiverflowingnorthwardbetweenthem,connectedbyanarchedstonebridgeresemblinganaturalgatetower.Thisistheright
4、placenamedLongmen,wherethewell-knownLongmen-Grottoesarelocated.Everythinghereisancient,theplacewiththename,thehills,theriverandthegrottoes,excepttheprettyenvironmentwithendlessthrongsofvisitors.Lonemen,thenameofthehillsandalsothegrottoes,means“DragonGate”inEnglish.InancientC
5、hina,kingsoremperorsusedtoregardthemselvesas“RealDragons”or“ChildrenoftheFirmament”whoweredescendedtotheearthbytheGodtodirectthehumanbeings.Sotheword“Dragon”wasoftenplacedaheadofthearticlerelatingtothem,namely“dragonrobe”,“dragonbed”,“dragonpavilion”andsoon.Thereforetheexact
6、meaningofLongmenhereis“theGatedofanImperialCapital”.Asthenameoftheplace,“Longmen”wascalledfirstbyEmperorSuiyang,about1,400yearsago,whenhiscapitalwasmadeinLuoyanganditssoutherngate(themainentrance)justfacedYique,theoldnameoftheplace.Thus,“Longmen”asanewnamehasreplaced“Yique”s
7、incethen.BeingthebestofallscenicattractionsaroundLuoyangandmostappealingtopeople,theLongmen-grottoeswasfirstknowninthe493AD,whenEmperorXiaowenmovedhiscapitaltoLuoyangfromDatong,ShanxiProvince,whichmarkedtheinitiationofdevelopmentandexpanseofBuddhisminCentralChina.Asalarge-sc
8、aledgrottoprojectinthenewcapitalaftertheYungang-grottoesinDatongShanxiProvi
