history_of_anthropology_in_india01

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1、INDIANANTHROPOLOGYHISTORYOFANTHROPOLOGYININDIADr.AbhikGhoshSeniorLecturer,DepartmentofAnthropologyPanjabUniversity,ChandigarhCONTENTSIntroduction:TheGrowthofIndianAnthropologyArthurLlewellynBashamChristophVon-FuhrerHaimendorfVerrierElwinRaiBahadurSaratChandraRoyBirajaShankarGuhaDewanBahadurL.K.An

2、anthakrishnaIyerGovindSadashivGhuryeNirmalKumarBoseDhirendraNathMajumdarIravatiKarveHasmukhDhirajlalSankaliaDharaniP.SenMysoreNarasimhacharSrinivasShyamaCharanDubeSurajitChandraSinhaPrabodhKumarBhowmickK.S.MathurLalitaPrasadVidyarthiTrilokiNathMadanShivRajKumarChopraAndreBeteilleGopalaSaranaConcl

3、usionsSuggestedReadingsSIGNIFICANTKEYWORDS:Ethnology,HistoryofIndianAnthropology,AnthropologicalHistory,ColonialBeginningsINTRODUCTION:THEGROWTHOFINDIANANTHROPOLOGYManu’sDharmashastra(2nd-3rdcenturyBC)comprehensivelystudiedIndiansocietyofthatperiod,basedmoreonthemoralsandnormsofsocialandeconomicl

4、ife.Kautilya’sArthashastra(324-296BC)wasatreatiseonpolitics,statecraftandeconomicsbutalsodescribedthefunctioningofIndiansocietyindetail.MegastheneswastheGreekambassadortothecourtofChandraguptaMauryafrom324BCto300BC.HealsowroteabookonthestructureandcustomsofIndiansociety.AlBiruni’saccountsofIndiaa

5、refamous.Hewasa1PersianscholarwhovisitedIndiaandwroteabookaboutitin1030AD.AlBiruniwroteofIndiansocialandculturallife,withsectionsonreligion,sciences,customsandmannersoftheHindus.Inthe17thcenturyBerniercamefromFrancetoIndiaandwroteabookonthelifeandtimesoftheMughalemperorsShahJahanandAurangzeb,thei

6、rlifeandtimes.Anthropologybeganasacolonialhandmaidenisaphrasethatliesdeepinthemurkyheartofthesubject.However,itistruethatintheinitialstagestheBritishadministratorsneededtoknowmoreaboutthosethattheyruledandthusstartedcreatingdetailedanalysesoftheircultureandsocietyinordertounderstandhowbesttoruleo

7、verthem.ThisperiodensuredthatanthropologistsfromEnglandcametoIndiaandcollecteddataonIndianpopulationsandpreparedmonographsonthem.Thisperiodisatthesecondhalfofthenineteenthcentury,whenanumberofmonographsontribalandother