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1、DevelopmentofSensorNewTechnologySensorisonekindcomponentwhichcantransformthephysicalquantity,chemistryquantityandthebiomassintoelectricalsignal.Theoutputsignalhasthedifferentformslikethevoltage,theelectriccurrent,thefrequency,thepulseandsoon,whichcansatisfythesignaltransmission,processi
2、ng,recording,anddemonstrationandcontroldemands.Soitistheautomaticdetectionsystemandintheautomaticcontrolindustry.IfautomaticTechnologyisusedwider,thensensorismoreimportant.Severalkeywordsofthesensor：1SensorElementsAlthoughthereareexception,mostsensorconsistofasensingelementandaconversio
3、norcontrolelement.Forexample,diaphragms,bellows,straintubesandrings,bourdontubes,andcantileversaresensingelementswhichrespondtochangesinpressureorforceandconvertthesephysicalquantitiesintoadisplacement.Thisdisplacementmaythenbeusedtochangeanelectricalparametersuchasvoltage,resistance,ca
4、pacitance,orinductance.Suchcombinationofmechanicalandelectricalelementsformelectromechanicaltransducingdevicesorsensor.Similarcombinationcanbemadeforotherenergyinputsuchasthermal.Photo,magneticandchemical,givingthermoelectric,photoelectric,electromaanetic,andelectrochemicalsensorrespect
5、ively.2SensorSensitivityTherelationshipbetweenthemeasuredandthesensoroutputsignalisusuallyobtainedbycalibrationtestsandisreferredtoasthesensorsensitivityK1=output-signalincrement/measuredincrement.Inpractice,thesensorsensitivityisusuallyknown,and,bymeasuringtheoutputsignal,theinputquant
6、ityisdeterminedfrominput=output-signalincrement/K1.3CharacteristicsofanIdealSensorThehighsensorshouldexhibitthefollowingcharacteristics.(a)highfidelity-thesensoroutputwaveformshapebeafaithfulreproductionofthemeasured;thereshouldbeminimumdistortion.(b)Thereshouldbeminimuminterferencewith
7、thequantitybeingmeasured;thepresenceofthesensorshouldnotalterthemeasuredinanyway.(c)Size.Thesensormustbecapableofbeingplacedexactlywhereitisneeded.(d)Thereshouldbealinearrelationshipbetweenthemeasuredandthesensorsignal.(e)Thesensorshouldhaveminimumsensitivitytoexternaleffects,p
