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1、THESECRETHISTORYOFTHEMONGOLSTHISBOOKISDEDICATEDTOTHEMONGOLSOFALLTIMES,PAST,PRESENTANDFUTURETHESECRETHISTORYOFTHEMONGOLSTHELIFEANDTIMESOFCHINGGISKHANTRANSLATED,ANNOTATED,ANDWITHANINTRODUCTIONBYUrgungeOnonLONDONANDNEWYORKFirstPublishedin2001byRoutledgeCurzonPres
2、s2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,Oxon,OX144RNThiseditionpublishedintheTaylor&Francise-Library,2005.“TopurchaseyourowncopyofthisoranyofTaylor&FrancisorRoutledge’scollectionofthousandsofeBookspleasegotowww.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.”©2001UrgungeOnonAllrightsreserve
3、d.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.Britis
4、hLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataAcataloguerecordofthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibraryLibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookhasbeenrequestedISBN0-203-98876-0Mastere-bookISBNISBN0-7007-1335-2(PrintEdition)CONTENTSINTROD
5、UCTION1CHAPTERONE39CHAPTERTWO63CHAPTERTHREE85CHAPTERFOUR109CHAPTERFIVE127CHAPTERSIX145CHAPTERSEVEN165CHAPTEREIGHT181CHAPTERNINE201CHAPTERTEN217CHAPTERELEVEN233CHAPTERTWELVE257APPENDIX281BIBLIOGRAPHY289INDEX293viINTRODUCTIONTheEasthasknownonlythreegreatmen.Saky
6、amuniwasbornaprincearound500BCinwhatisnowNepal.Distressedbyhumansuffering,helefthisfamily,achievedenlightenmentthroughmeditation,andbecametheBuddha.Accordingtohisteachings,lifeispainful,theoriginofpainisdesire,theendofpaincanbeachievedbyendingdesire,andthewayt
7、othisisthroughrightliving.Thisphilosophyof‘causeandeffect’spreadnorthwardsintoTibet,whereitabsorbedthepopularBonreligionandchangedgreatlyinnature.Theresultingsynthesis,knownasLamaism,canbecriticisedaspassiveandfatalistic.LamaismbecamepopularamongtheMongols1dur
8、ingthereignofQubilaiQahan(1215–1294).ConfuciuswasbornataroundthesametimeastheBuddha,intoChina’sloweraristocracy.ConfuciuswantedtorestoreChinatoagoldenageofpeace.Healsosaidthat‘theu
